To give an enema means to inject a fluid into the rectum. An injection of warm (about 103 degrees Fahrenheit), pure (baking soda or salt may be added to make it isotonic) water into the rectum. The amount of water injected is planned to gently and painlessly fill the colon to capacity, which differs from individual to individual and should not be set prior to treating a patient. An enema is normally used to relieve constipation, and should be used as a last resort. Some people give an enema as a preventative measure, to cleanse toxins from the colon.

When the word enema is mentioned, many people are embarrassed to discuss this procedure. However, an enema is a useful way to provide relief during constipation. A correct enema procedure involves no pain. The solution is then released from the body, and the person is cleaned of the complete blockage that was there. Thus bowel cleansing takes place. Therefore, in order to correctly give an enema, certain procedures must be followed.

The first step to giving someone an enema is to settle on what supplies are required. The most common supply is the enema bag and the solution that is wanted. Many people decide to make the solution themselves or opt to purchase it from outside. After the enema solution has been prepared, have the person lie on a flat surface, with the right leg bent at the knee. This will make the procedure much easier and more comfortable for the person.

Next, be sure to lubricate the enema bag's tube before inserting it into the anus. This will assist in alleviating some of the discomfort associated with this step. Slowly insert the tube into the anus and allow the enema solution to gradually enter the colon. Slow, deep breaths can help those who may be experiencing anxiety during this procedure.

A common unwanted symptom after receiving an enema is dull cramps. When the cramps begin, the patient can decrease the discomfort by slowing down the introduction of the solution into the anus. Once the solution bag is depleted, the bag and tube should be removed. For the most effective results the patient should wait five minutes before releasing the solution.

A barium enema is an x-ray test in which white liquid, called barium, is placed into the rectum and colon through the anus to enhance the x-ray pictures of the colon. These x-rays are used to define normal and abnormal activity of the colon and rectum.