Gastric bypass (also called bariatric surgery) closes off a large portion of the stomach, leaving only a pouch the size of an egg. Gastric bypass works by restricting food intake. Patients feel full after eating small amounts of food. Fewer calories are eaten and weight is lost. Gastric bypass patients typically lose 70% of their excess weight, most of it in the first year after surgery.
Gastric bypass surgery combines the creation of a small stomach pouch to restrict food intake and construction of bypasses of the duodenum and other segments of the small intestine to cause malabsorption (decreased ability to absorb nutrients from food).
There are two types of gastric bypass surgery: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB) and extensive gastric bypass (biliopancreatic diversion).
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the most common gastric bypass procedure performed in the U.S. First, a small stomach pouch is created by stapling part of the stomach together or by vertical banding. This limits how much food you can eat. Next, a Y-shaped section of the small intestine is attached to the pouch to allow food to bypass the duodenum as well as the first portion of the jejunum. This causes reduced calorie and nutrient absorption. This procedure can now be done with a laparoscope (a thin telescope-like instrument for viewing inside the abdomen) in some people. This involves using small incisions and generally has a more rapid recovery time.
In extensive gastric bypass - a more complicated gastric bypass operation - the lower portion of the stomach is removed. The small pouch that remains is connected directly to the final segment of the small intestine, thus completely bypassing both the duodenum and jejunum. Although this procedure successfully promotes weight loss, it is not as widely used because of the high risk for nutritional deficiencies.
Gastric bypass operations that cause malabsorption and restrict food intake produce more weight loss than restriction operations, which only decrease food intake. People who have bypass operations generally lose two-thirds of their excess weight within 2 years.
There are risks associated with gastric bypass surgery. People who undergo this procedure are at risk for: pouch stretching (stomach gets bigger overtime, stretching back to its normal size before surgery), band erosion (the band closing off part of the stomach disintegrates), breakdown of staple lines (band and staples fall apart, reversing procedure), leakage of stomach contents into the abdomen (this is dangerous because the acid can eat away other organs), nutritional deficiencies causing health problems.
Gastric bypass operations also may cause "dumping syndrome," whereby stomach contents move too rapidly through the small intestine. Symptoms include nausea, weakness, sweating, faintness, and, occasionally, diarrhea after eating, as well as the inability to eat sweets without becoming extremely weak. Gallstones can occur in response to rapid weight loss. They can be dissolved with medication taken after the surgery.
The limited absorption of vitamin B12 and iron can cause anemia. The lack of calcium absorption can cause osteoporosis and metabolic bone disease. People who undergo this procedure are required to take nutritional supplements that usually prevent these deficiencies. The more extensive the bypass operation, the greater is the risk for complications and nutritional deficiencies. People who undergo extensive bypasses of the normal digestive process require not only close monitoring, but also lifelong use of special foods and medications.
Low carbs, the bottom line: you may lose weight quicker on a low-carbohydrate diet than on a diet to cut calories. However, don't expect to lose as much weight as diet books say you will and remember that the risks of heart disease, stroke, cancer, and osteoporosis for people on low-carb diets have not been tested. There's plenty of research that shows the way to go is moderation in eating a diet rich in fruits, veggies, beans, whole grains, seafood, poultry, and low-fat dairy products.
As we run harder and harder to beat others in the rat race, little do we realize that we are leaving behind the good things in life to chase unrealistic goals. Stress, nervous disorders, high blood pressure and other lifestyle diseases have taken control of our lives. As junk food replaces a healthy diet to manage the severe shortage of time, problems like obesity raise their ugly head. Morbid obesity has now become a serious problem across the globe and its connection to other diseases such as back problems and blood pressure besides others, make this phenomenon even more life threatening. The medical world is fighting to control this rising danger through various means and a gastric bypass surgery is one such method of reducing the excessive weight form people suffering from morbid obesity.
A gastric bypass surgery is one of the several methods that can be adopted under Bariatric surgery that encompasses all of such category of weight loss surgeries. The gastric bypass surgery is the process of dividing the stomach into two pouches wherein the upper pouch is much smaller compared to the larger pouch in the lower segment of the stomach. The small intestine is then re-arranged to ensure that both the pouches are connected to the intestine. The gastric bypass surgery leads to a great reduction in the functional volume of the stomach which also leads to an alteration in the patient's reaction to food. As a result of the severely reduced food intake by the patient who has undergone the gastric bypass surgery the weight loss is also dramatic.
A gastric bypass surgery requires some basic care and maintenance even after the surgery. A patient may be required to be placed on a liquid diet for the initial duration after the surgery. Also a patient undergoes many psychological and physiological differences after the gastric bypass surgery. The patient feels fullness soon after consuming a small amount of food and then a growing indifference towards food. A gastric bypass surgery patient also may also feel an attack of nausea and the patient learns quickly that every consecutive bite after the feeling satiety must be eaten very slowly to avoid discomfort and even a tendency to vomit.
Many people use food as an emotional comfort and many morbidly obese people also have acquired this habit which leads to their tremendous weight gain. A gastric bypass surgery takes away this emotional crutch from people and hence the post surgery phase requires a lot of mental adoption on the part of the patient as well. When the patients find that they can no longer depend on the comfort of familiar food they may tend to go into depression. Hence it is crucial to counsel and guide the patient properly through the support of professionals before and after the patient goes in for a gastric bypass surgery. A gastric bypass surgery if properly implemented could be the tool that frees you from life long suffering due to morbid obesity and related diseases.
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Nicholas Bowen has sinced written about articles on various topics from Bariatric, Gastric Bypass and Bariatric. Nicholas Bowen is vastly experienced in weight loss procedures. He advises obese people about the best methods of reducing weight depending on their health and body condition. One of the reference sites he mentions regularly for information about weight l. Nicholas Bowen's top article generates over 9900 views. to your Favourites.