Healthy eating and nutrition for seniors can be affected by several factors. Simple body composition is one area that greatly affects the health needs of the elderly. For example, hormone activity decreases as a person ages, resulting in weight gain, and the loss of muscle and bone.

The following points outline other health considerations for people in their senior years:

Drink Plenty of Water

The amount of water that is present in the human body naturally decreases as we age. Fluid levels can also be affected by personal choices and habits. Many seniors claim that they just don't feel thirsty, so the simply don't drink enough water. For others it's difficult or inconvenient to pour a glass of water. Regardless of the reasons, too many seniors suffer with dehydration. Older men and women should at least one ounce of water for every 2.2 pounds of weight, every day.

Proteins

We need protein for good health at every stage of life. Protein prevents wasted muscle and supports a healthy immune system. While most seniors need less energy, they should still eat protein rich foods every day. Fish, eggs, poultry and lean meats are all good sources of protein.

Fiber and Carbs

You are probably already aware that seniors require extra fiber. A fiber rich diet combined with plenty of water is valuable in preventing constipation. Further, the carbohydrates found in pasta, cereals, bread and other grain products are an essential ingredient to provide the energy needed by active seniors.

Good Fats

The body's natural metabolism slows down as age increases, so nutrition for seniors means less fat in their diets. It's important to note that fat should be limited, but not eliminated altogether. You can trim the amount of daily fat intake by choosing fish, lean meats, low-fat dairy products, and fat-free or fat-reduced preparation methods.

Calcium

Many women and men don't get enough calcium, which is a vital element of nutrition for seniors. Older people should take in about 1,500 mg of calcium every day. Unfortunately, people often struggle with digestive problems from drinking milk, but they can take advantage of the many calcium-rich alternatives. Low-fat cheese, yogurt and broccoli are all great choices, and non-fat powdered milk can be used in many recipes.

Iron Deficiency

Many older men and women suffer with a shortage of iron in the blood. It's a common problem that's easily remedied by eating natural sources of iron, such as breakfast cereals and lean red meat, on a regular basis.

Zinc

Many seniors neglect zinc as an important contributor to good nutrition. The fact that zinc isn't readily absorbed into the body compounds the problem. Including healthy servings of poultry, meat and fish can help seniors to meet their daily zinc requirements.

Vitamin B12

Many elderly men and women suffer with a vitamin B12 deficiency that is caused by atrophic gastritis. The human body can only absorb vitamin B12 when there is an intrinsic factor present in the stomach. Men and women suffering from atrophic gastritis have an inflammation of the stomach that causes bacterial overgrowth and impedes the intrinsic factor. Seniors with a vitamin B12 deficiency should talk to a doctor about supplemental options.

To grow and remain healthy, people of all ages require a balanced diet rich in vitamins, minerals and nutrients. Seniors face additional age-related health concerns and should be particularly aware of their nutritional needs. Aging brings changes to every body, but good nutrition helps many seniors continue to lead vital, active lifestyles.