Nature is our biggest asset and a gift of God to us. But unfortunately we are slowly losing it due to our ignorance. We do not give much thought when we through litter pollute our air or make too much noise. All these and other factors are the main reasons which are damaging the nature. And the sad part is that none of us is taking responsibility of this act. There are only a few organizations who are working towards preserving the nature. Most of the organizations that are working towards preserving the nature are doing so privately. But there are few like Natural England who is backed up by Government as well. This shows that the organization is really committed towards achieving its goals.
Environmentalists are becoming more and more concerned about the decrease in the greenery around the world. We all know that we need greenery as much as we need water. Recently, governments from around the world have also started taking steps to protect the environment. The England Government recently announced Environmental Stewardship scheme. The scheme has been accepting applications from 1 January 2007.
This scheme is open to every farmer and land manager. Almost 3.5 millions have been brought in by 25,000 Entry Level Stewards (ELS) under environment management. There is also another targeted scheme under the name of Higher Level Scheme (HLS). This scheme only supports the highest quality applicants. Recent years have seen Natural England accept almost 1,000 HLS which covers 65,000 hectares. All ELS and HLS applications need to be approved from the new Rural Development Programme.
Natural England is actually an organization that works for conservation of people, natural beauty, wildlife and biodiversity. The organization is working towards managing the nature in such a way that it is preserved for our present as well as future generations. Natural England has divided its goals into four strategies, these are stated as below: Conserve and enhance the natural environment of England Make the natural environment such that people enjoy it more. Manage and use the natural environment. Make such decisions that they secure the future of the natural environment.
Environmental organization plans and manages its practices in such a way that they will benefit the natural wildlife. Due to all the contributions Natural England have made to the conservation of nature it is now considered as the statutory adviser of the Government. It responsibilities include natural parks, Heritage Coasts and Areas of Natural Beauty. Natural England is not only responsible for conserving the landscapes and wildlife but also the marine and coastal life. It is running many natural programs that focus on different parts of nature.
It is up to us as well to ensure that these and other such organizations keep working. We can also contribute towards their cause by helping them. You do not need to do much even planting a small tree is more then enough. It is also our moral duty to ensure that our future generations are able to enjoy the nature as we are able to do today.
Industrias Infinito S.A. ("Infinito"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Vannessa Ventures Ltd. has received an official news release from MINAE dated April 23, 2008 that states the Government of the Republic of Costa Rica authorizes the exploitation of the Crucitas concession as environmental, social and economic feasibility has been demonstrated.
This follows the Company's announcement of April 16, 2008 where it was reported that the minister in charge of MINAE had indicated to the local media that the Crucitas project would be approved soon. This authorization, together with the approval of the EIS, represents the final major approvals required by the Company in order to advance the development of the Crucitas gold project.
In a newspaper article in La Nacion, published on April 24, 2008, it was announced that MINAE had lifted the moratorium on open pit gold mining in the country which has been in place since 2002. The moratorium did not apply to the Crucitas exploitation concession but the removal is a positive action that will increase the potential of the more than 18,000 hectares of exploration concessions held by Infinito adjacent to the Crucitas project area.
Vannessa has an feasibility report by Micon International on the Crucitas project completed in February of 2007.
The feasibility study provides a description of the geology, mining and milling operations, tailings facilities, services and other facilities, together with the associated capital and operating costs, required to develop the Crucitas Project. The study includes description of the mining plan and mine operations, processing requirements, the tailings and water management systems, the necessary site infrastructure and presents the environmental, permitting and socio-economic considerations in undertaking the project.
The total Indicated Resources above the 0.5 g Au/t cut-off grade are estimated to contain
25.1 millions tonnes at 1.22 g Au/t (985 thousand gold ounces) and at 3.17 g Ag/t (2.56
million silver ounces) in both Fortuna and Botija in and out of the structures, as shown below.
Estimated Indicated Mineral Resources at Crucitas
Material/ZoneTonnesGold (g/t)Silver (g/t)Gold ozSilver oz
Saprolite
Total Structure3,528,6301.61.91181,22217,052
Total Outvein638,4720.641.0013,22420,443
Total Saprolite4,167,1021.451.77194,646237,495
Rock
Total Structure16,540,0751.323.51700,9191,863,994
Total Outvein4,378,5460.633.2589,376457,617
Total Rock20,918,6211.183.45790,2952,321,611
Total25,085,7231.223.17984,9412,559,105
The total Inferred Resources above the 0.5 g Au/t cut-off grade are estimated to contain 12.6 millions tonnes at 1.23 g Au/t (496 thousand gold ounces) and at 3.14 g Ag/t (1.27 million silver ounces) in the Inferred category for Fortuna, Botija and Fuentes in and out of the structures, as shown in Table 1.2.
Estimated Inferred Resources
Material/ZoneTonnesGold (g/t)Silver (g/t)Gold ozSilver oz
Saprolite
Total Structure2,261,8991.482.75107,707199,698
Total Outvein721,1850.691.0216,06523,566
Total Saprolite2,983,0841.292.33123,722223,265
Rock
Total Structure7,081,2641.423.52322,579801,190
Total Outvein2,502,8710.623.0249,721243,025
Total Rock9,584,1351.123.39372,3001,044,215
Total12,567,2191.233.14496,0721,267,479
Mining will be by the open pit method with conventional shovel and truck operations. The open-pit optimization for the Los Crucitas project was carried out using the Geostat mineral resource block model and Surpac Lerchs-Grossman pit optimization software.
The mining will be conducted on 5 metre benches, with a pre-strip totalling 440,000 cubic metres, planned to gain barren saprolite waste to be used in construction of the tailings dam. After ramping up to plant capacity, a nominal plant feed consisting of a blend of 75% saprolite and 25% hard rock, is planned to continue until the completion of the saprolite reserves.
The plant capacity is designed for 7,500 ore tonnes per day (2.50 Mtpa) within saprolite, whereas within hard rock the plant capacity is 5,000 tonnes per day (1.82 Mtpa).
Therefore an initial ore production rate from the mine of 6,875 tonnes per day was scheduled in order to provide the nominal feed of 75% saprolite and 25% hard rock. On completion of the saprolite reserves the plant feed rate will be reduced and so the ore production rate is dropped to 5,000 tonnes per day.
There is capacity for the stockpiling of 50,000 tonnes of hard rock ore, which can be stored on a pad adjacent to the plant. The planned strip ratio during mine production was 1.35, and is maintained as closely as possible throughout the mine life. At the earliest date possible, waste is planned to be back-filled into completed sections of the mine.
The production schedule is planned around a work regime of 350 days per annum and 20 hours per day. In order to minimize dilution and mining losses, ore excavations are scheduled for the day shifts.
The majority of metallurgical testing on Las Crucitas samples was conducted in four phases by Placer Dome International (PDI) during development of the previous feasibility study completed by Cambior in 1999. In 2005, additional testing by Process Research Associates was commissioned to confirm leaching characteristics and test the use of oxygen. CyPlus also carried out further work to determine cyanide destruction parameters, and a further review of all testing was conducted
The gold extraction testwork confirmed that the ore is readily amenable to agitated cyanidation, at an optimum grind size of 150 microns. The low levels of silver and its limited recovery through cyanidation, the absence of deleterious elements consuming cyanide, and robbing the pregnant solution of the dissolved gold favour a treatment scheme with a CIP process. Whole ore cyanidation provides comparable results to the optimum results obtained with a more complex gravity plus cyanidation process, and without requiring significantly more leaching residence time.
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