Simply put, a mortgage is a long term loan that's repaid over a period of time. Most mortgages are set on a monthly payment basis, while others are "accelerated" to allow the borrower bi-weekly or weekly payment options.

A lower interest rate means lower monthly payments, so it makes sense to shop around for the lowest possible rate. Even if you have already agreed to one plan, it may be possible to refinance your mortgage to take advantage of a lower rate.

Mortgages can be fixed or floating. A fixed rate mortgage means that the borrower is obligated to pay the set interest rate for the full mortgage term. In a floating mortgage, on the other hand, the rates and payments will fluctuate higher and lower as the market changes. There are pros and cons to both types of mortgages, and no one plan is the best choice for all borrowers. Many homeowners will use mortgage refinancing as a tool to move from a higher adjustable rate mortgage to a lower fixed rate plan.

The prevailing market rate keeps changing all the time. So it's quite possible that you have already committed to a mortgage with interest higher than the current rate. In this case, you are wise to consider refinancing your mortgage. In mortgage refinancing, the full payment of your current loan is entered into a new mortgage agreement, but at today's lower rate. If rates drop significantly, for example by two percent points, refinancing makes good sense. Check the prevailing rates of interest and compare them to what you're paying now.

Deciding whether or not to refinance your mortgage depends on other factors as well. Look at the remaining term of your current mortgage. If there were just a few years remaining, it wouldn't make sense to refinance and commit to another extended payment period. There are also various costs associated with mortgage refinancing that you need to consider. Prepayment costs for your current mortgage, closing costs of the new mortgage, and other borrowing fees can come into play. Some lenders will also charge a fee for closing a mortgage early, so be careful to check the fine print.

Mortgage refinancing can be a good way to access extra cash when you need it. If you have built a significant amount of home equity, this cash may be available in the form of a home equity loan. You can use your home's value to generate cash for debt consolidation, home improvements, college funds or other necessities. Refinancing your mortgage can be a wise decision if you have other outstanding debts. Making one monthly payment is not only easier, but it also enables you to avoid higher interest charges from credit cards and private lenders. Your credit rating and your bottom line will both be healthier.

If you need cash, are faced with mounting debt or are locked into a lengthy mortgage at a high interest rate, speak with your bank about mortgage refinancing.