Types of Students
. In general, the level of scholarship and erudition is closely connected with the desire of student to learn and reflects and reinforces existing differences between types of students. It is possible to single out many types and subgroups of students, but only the most important and generalized will be described.
I. The first group represents types of students according to educational establishment they entered and the years of study: a) high school, college student, university student.
The subgroup here include b) freshman, sophomore, junior, senior (the level is determined by the number of units a student has completed). And According to the type of learning students can be divided into c) full-time, part-time, distant learning continuing, former or returning students. Also, students can be classified as d) international and native, regular and transfer, audit student (who takes a course for his/her own educational needs) and probationary students, e) graduate, second degree and undergraduate students. It is also possible to single out curricular and non-curricular groups of students who do not plan to complete a degree.
II. The second classification is based on personal style of learning. It is known that individuals learn for themselves and learn from other people. They learn as members of a group and by interaction with their group-mates, teachers and people outside the educational establishment. But for effec¬tive learning to take place at the individual level it is essential to foster an environ¬ment where individuals are encouraged to take risks and experiment, where mistakes are tolerated, but where means exist for those involved to learn from their experi¬ences.
1. The first subgroup includes: high-motivated and low-motivated students. The presence or absence of motivation is concerned with the factors that influence student to behave in certain ways. Some student is able to motivate themselves, but another group of students needs external motivation to achieve educational goals.
2. The second subgroup is connected with the previous one, but does not coincide with it. According to this classification students can be lazy or industrious. Usually, high-motivated students also belong to an industrious type, but it does not mean that all low-motivated students are lazy. A student may have a low motivation to study but be diligent or assiduous.
3. The third subgroup divides students into active and passive. Most teachers suppose that effective teaching requires positive, involved students. In other words, when students want to learn, they will learn. In general it means participation in courses and during seminars. Passive students usually low-motivated and not encouraged to contribute to class discussions by voicing their opinions and supporting their answers. All they could is to answer the question and do classroom assignment. They usually indifferent to all activities and information provided by lectures. In contrast, active student take an active part in discussion and problem-based tasks, and they are more curious and inquisitive.
III. According to their attitude towards education it is possible to singled out: a) punctual and non-punctual students, and b) truants and assiduous students.
IV. To the forth type belong those who work during their college or university years and those who do not work.
V. According to state of health it is possible to singled out a group of student with physical and mental disabilities.
Taking into account the classification proposed above it is evident that students representing a homogeneous social class belong to different types according to their personal and educational needs, desires, goals and objectives.
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