Good coaching is a process of asking provocative questions and listening attentively to the response, but responses can be suprising. We may set off talking about time management or assertiveness issues and quickly find ourselves talking about more significant psychological conditions.Coaching managers would be advised to develop at least a little insight into the signs of abnormal psychology.

Depression, for example, is a widespread disorder which about 10% of men and 20% of women can expect to suffer at some time in their lives.

There are many signs and symptoms which even the untrained could recognize as indicators of depression:

Emotional Signs:

Guilt, misery, despair

Cognitive Signs:

Self-blame, Negative self-talk, Dejection

Motivational Signs:

Loss of energy, sex drive or appetite

Physical Signs:

Headache, Dizziness, Fatigue

There are several psychological theories concerning the causes of depression:

Psychoanalytical:

Freud (1917) interpreted depression as a reaction to loss. He suggested that people with depression are much more dependent on other people for approval and positive self-esteem and that when this is missing or withheld depression is likely.

Behavioural:

These theories suggest that depression results from a lack of reinforcement, i.e. the care and understanding of family and friends. Unfortunately this creates a vicious circle in that depressive behaviour often serves to further alienate family and friends.

Cognitive:

Beck (1967) concluded that it was how people viewed themselves and the world that may influence tendencies towards depression. He proposes that people with depression apply false logic and that any treatment needs to deal with such thought processes.

Physiological:

In the western world much energy and research has gone into establishing biochemical causes and cures for depression as our high usage of drugs such as Prozac and tranquillizers illustrates.

Depression has been likened to the common cold of psychological conditions. It seems as if a lasting cure may prove just as difficult to find. Doesn't it make you fed up?

What then of a manager who uncovers these signs while coaching around time management or budgeting? Best advice would seem to be to keep to good coaching principles. Ask questions designed to raise awareness, generate responsibility and build trust then listen carefully and attentively to the responses. This is highly unlikely to make things worse and may actually do quite a lot of good.

After that, it's a question of referring the coachee to the relevant professional. For this reason I recommend that all coaching managers familiarize themselves with their organization's welfare procedure.