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[W374]What Are Deficiency Diseases
by Brenda Reese, Bre
Scarves have been around for thousands of years, if Chinese sculptures representing fringed rectangles of fabric are to be believed. In the last half century, particularly, scarves have been part and parcel of old Hollywood glamour. Celebrities and fashion icons such as Marilyn Monroe, Lana Turner and Grace Kelly and many others are all known for wearing scarves, tied in many different ways. Amazingly glamorous and utterly fabulous, the scarf is a staple in every fashionable woman's closet.

Silk scarves are especially popular, as well as scarves made from fabrics such as cotton, heavy wool knits, rayon, poly-blends or polyester. Scarves can also come in plains or prints, depending on the setting or the fashion of the period. These days, scarves are commonly made from silk or rayon, which both give the scarf a shimmery finish as well as a light, graceful, fluid movement. Other common fabrics include cotton and wool, which are rather heavier and often come in textured finishes.

Depending on its use, scarves can come in many different shapes and sizes. There are kerchiefs and bandanas which are smaller in size, generally measuring 14 to 16 inches on one side. Large shawl-like scarves can reach up to about 48 inches on one side. There are even rectangular or oblong scarves, triangular scarves aside from the traditional square scarves. Some have fringed edges, some have fused edges and still others hemmed edges. They can also come in a wide variety of colors. They can be tie-dyed, batik dyed. Some many have woven patterns, and others many have solid colors. The possibilities are simply endless.

If you are planning to wear scarves when going out, it is advisable to look for styles that provide warmth and thickness. The best scarves for this are generally the closely knit and are somewhat bulkier than the dressy variety. Some merchandisers sell scarves with matching hats, mittens or gloves. Scarves for outerwear are usually made from angora, which are made from lush materials, or the simpler ones that are made from fleece or flannel. There are also extra long scarves that can be wrapped around the neck over and over, or the shorter ones which can be tucked into the coat or the jacket to keep the chest and neck warm.

If you're simply using scarves to complement your outfit, you really can't go wrong with beautiful silk scarves. Other types that are also good as fashion accessories include scarves made from cashmere, angora, chenille or velvet. Embroidered scarves are also particularly nice, especially when worn with a sweater, blouse or suit. There are many varied ways to tie scarves, all guaranteed to turn a plain, boring outfit into a definite fashion statement.

Polysaccharides have distinctive features. As it is made of monosaccharides, so they are very big in size. They are also branched. They are generally insoluble in water, not sweet and are amorphous.

Polysaccharides may be homopolysaccharides and heteroploysaccharides. When the monosaccharides that constitute the polysaccharide, are of same type, then it is called as homopolysaccharide and when they are different the resulting polysaccharide is called as heteropolysaccharide.

A general formula that denotes Polysaccharide is Cn (H2O)n where it may be 200 to 2500. Generally 10 or more monosaccharides make a polysaccharide. Polysaccharides are carbohydrates which have high molecular weight. They break down to monosaccharides when hydrolysis happens.

There is a specific type of polysaccharide present, known as acidic polysaccharide, which has in it carboxyl groups, phosphate group, and sulfuric aster groups.

Polysaccharides can be branched or it may be linear. Polysaccharides may be of two types if divided based on their function. Some polysaccharides store energy. Some other polysaccharides build the cells by helping the structural components.

Some of the well known polysaccharides are starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin etc. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are the three most common polysaccharides. Glucose units make up Starch. Starch is insoluble in water. Glycogen is found in animals. It is storage from of glucose. Cellulose is found in plants. They make up most of the plant parts. Some polysaccharides are available in bacteria which make their capsule.

In animals and plants, the energy storages are different. In animals, starch is the polysaccharide that stores energy. Also, glycogen stores the energy in animals. Starch is a homopolysaccharide. Starch is found in two different forms. One is amylopectin and the other is a-amylose. Amylopectin consist of a-glucose. A- Amylose consists of glucose. It is a linear chain polymer. Both of these are broken down by amylase enzyme.

Glycogen is another polysaccharide that is found in the animals. It is mostly available in the liver and the skeletal muscle. This is the energy storage for them. It is made of a-glucose. It has more non-reducing ends than the amylopectin. Glycogen is to be broken down for use which is done by glycogen phosphorylase.

In case of structural polysaccharides, cellulose and chitin is the main. Cellulose makes up the plant cell wall. It is said to be the most abundant natural polymer. It is available in the wood and cotton. It is a linear polysaccharide. It is composed of glucose. It has so much of strength because of the inverted glucose molecule and the hydrogen bonds that is formed by the individual cellulose strand. Most of the animals are not able to digest cellulose because of the absence of cellulose degrading enzymes.

Chitin consists of N-acetylglucosamine. It makes up exoskeletons of insects, spiders etc. It also makes the cell wall of fungi. It is the second most abundant polysaccharide.

Polysaccharides are very important for your body. They are made available to your body through the food that you eat.
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