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According to literature and according to this inspectors experience it grows almost exclusively on very wet cellouse containing materials including paper, carpet backings, ceiling tile, and especially on drywall.
It is the most feared of all molds, due to the numerous news reports, newspaper articles, and magazine articles attributing possible brain damage, infant deaths, expensive property damage and other horrible consequences surrounding its growth in residential settings.
Many molds produce mycotoxins (toxic chemicals that molds use in a type of microbial warfare). Living things that do not possess claws, fangs, or a hard shell to use in self defense or fast legs to run away from predators, will typically revert to the use of camouflage or the production of poisons. This is very common in nature.
In reality, toxic molds like Stachybotrys also known as toxic black mold and others may have to be either consumed in mold contaminated foods, or physically handled so that excessive physical contact is made between human skin and the mold in order for toxic reactions to develop. At this time most scientists do not believe that breathing in toxic mold spores can have toxic effects on humans when inhaled at the levels typically encountered in homes and offices.
Public opinion may not be in support of the above statement and in the future we may find that the above statement is not true and perhaps one day we will find that toxic molds cause toxic reactions via inhalation but currently scientific evidence does not support the view that toxic molds can poison you via inhalation at levels found in indoor environments. To support this statement please review the following abstract from the International Journal of Toxicology Volume 23, Number 1 / January-February 2004 pages 3 to 10.
"Risk from Inhaled Mycotoxins in Indoor Office and Residential Environments
Bruce J. Kelman A1, Coreen A. Robbins A1, Lonie J. Swenson A1, Bryan D. Hardin A1 A1 GlobalTox, Inc., Redmond, Washington, USA
Abstract:
Mycotoxins are known to produce veterinary and human diseases when consumed with contaminated foods. Mycotoxins have also been proposed to cause adverse human health effects after inhalation exposure to mold in indoor residential, school, and office environments. Epidemiological evidence has been inadequate to establish a causal relationship between indoor mold and nonallergic, toxigenic health effects. In this article, the authors model a maximum possible dose of mycotoxins that could be inhaled in 24 h of continuous exposure to a high concentration of mold spores containing the maximum reported concentration of aflatoxins B1 and B2, satratoxins G and H, fumitremorgens B and C, verruculogen, and trichoverrols A and B. These calculated doses are compared to effects data for the same mycotoxins. None of the maximum doses modeled were sufficiently high to cause any adverse effect. The model illustrates the inefficiency of delivery of mycotoxins via inhalation of mold spores, and suggests that the lack of association between mold exposure and mycotoxicoses in indoor environments is due to a requirement for extremely high airborne spore levels and extended periods of exposure to elicit a response. This model is further evidence that human mycotoxicoses are implausible following inhalation exposure to mycotoxins in mold-contaminated home, school, or office environments."
Regardless of if toxic mold can poison you with mycotoxins via inhalation, it is a fact observed by this inspector many times that mold can make some people very sick. Asthma attacks, allergies, and sinus infections from mold appear to be very common. Such conditions in turn can cause people to loose sleep, loose energy and concentration, miss work, and in general feel as if they were being poisoned by mycotoxins.
A lot of people complain that they have mold in homes. What is mold after all? It has been noticed that many people do not have any clear idea about molds. Some think that molds are insects and some think that they are plants; surprising! The truth is: molds are microscopic fungi. They reproduce through spore generation. Molds are multi-cellular growths. The antenna-like hyphal part creates network; that is why molds are always found to form colony. A standalone mold body is never observed in nature.
Molds can grow anywhere - in natural and man-made environment. Small mold spores are present practically everywhere. Spores are the units of life of fungi. Spores and hyphal fragments keep floating with air current. Being small and tiny, it is really difficult to filter them from air. As a result they reach to all possible places.
Molds, mildews and fungi are helpful members of ecosystem. They grow on dead organic materials and degrade organic materials while collecting nutrition from them. This way they complete a lot of eco-equations and maintain equilibrium in nature. Molds are found on soil, plants, foods and other organic substances in nature.
Where do they grow in homes?
In homes, they grow on practically anything; most common places are: carpet, sidewalls, kitchen sink, wall around kitchen sink, bathroom wall, crawl spaces, shower curtain, leather goods, wood, upholstery and even on concrete walls.
Molds obtain nutrition from small organic materials present on open surface. Therefore, they can colonize anywhere. That is why mold removal is such a hectic process.
What do they need to grow and sporulate?
Apart from food, they essentially need moisture to grow and live. Moisture is the prime factor behind mold infection. Control moisture content, you would be able to stop mold problems.
Air and temperature are the other two factors that control mold growth; however, they are not as essential as moisture. Air is almost everywhere. In presence of air molds might not flourish, but when there is moisture, a single trace of mold spore would get transformed into molds.
And temperature controls the pace of mold growth and sporulation. At extremely high or low temperature, mold growth slows down; so does the rate of spore formation.
How to make your home mold-free?
Make sure, your home is clean. Molds collect food from tiny organic matters. So do not let such materials build up on any surface inside your home. Use mold cleaning products to kill molds from your home forever.
Control Moisture. That's the keyword. Once you are successful at controlling moisture, chances of mold manifestation are reduced many times!
Keep you home dry. Make sure your home is properly dried off – especially places like kitchen, sink, and bathroom. Do not forget to lock the tap each time you use it.
To control the humidity, use dehumidifier. This helps you control the humidity of indoor environment. Do not leave wet clothes open in a closed room. It would add to the humidity of the room.