Nutritional requirements mostly depend on the prenatal nutritional status during the period of pregnancy. A woman who has eaten well before the conception will start pregnancy with the reserves of various nutrients. In such circumstances, 15gm of proteins and 300 calories extra as compared to the usual prenatal needs should be sufficient during the pregnancy period. Using a daily food guide could prove helpful for choosing the diet in order to meet the additional needs of a pregnancy. For all those women who have not eaten well during the prenatal period would need to take care of their diet and eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
Proteins
Added nutritional requirements for pregnant women:
Two servings are needed from each protein group each day. Mostly fish, milk, poultry or eggs can provide proteins that are high in nutritional value. It is also important to have one serving consisting of green leafy vegetables and fresh fruit this has been recommended as well your usual diet. Intake of proteins is vital as it makes important .
Indicators of sufficient food intake levels:
Weight gain during the pregnancy period indicates the correct diet is being eaten of food. A pregnant woman should experience mainly one to one and half kg weight gain during the first trimester and about 450 gm every week thereafter. It totals up to 10 ? 12 kilograms of weight gain during the pregnancy period. However, a check should be kept on abnormal weight gain, which is a result of water retention surplus. Thus, intake of in everyday diet is necessary.
Dietary consideration
During the initial stage of pregnancy, the mother-to-be may experience appetite loss and . She will experience the same feelings during the later pregnancy period too. In order to avoid the discomfort of an enlarged uterus, it is advisable to eat frequent and small meal portions are advisable. Plenty of fluids will certainly help in the elimination of excretory products. Sufficient insoluble and soluble fiber help to avoid constipation. In eating steady and regular meals will help steady weight gain and aid digestion. Try to avoid fried foodstuffs, fatty foods, excessive seasoning, strong flavored foodstuffs and large amounts of coffee. Intake of right pregnancy nutrition promotes healthy pregnancy. Therefore, you might consider visiting a doctor to learn more about pregnancy nutrition.
Lactation ? nutritional requirement of nursing women
The milk nutritional requirement of a nursing mother is quite higher than that of a pregnant woman, as the baby will demand for milk. A nursing mother will require extra amounts of minerals, proteins, calories and vitamins. As the need is mainly for production of breast milk, a correct diet should be continued until the mother is weaning her baby and requirement for will milk output will gradually be reduced. Choosing nutrient rich foods and ensuring high intake of fluids are important.
Diabetes Foods
Foods that can be eaten as much as one wants ? Green leafy vegetables, fruits except banana, lemon; clear soups, onion, salads, mint, spices, plain coffee or tea, skimmed and butter milk
Foods that can be eaten in moderation ? Fats, meat, egg, cereals and pulses
Foods to be avoided ? Simple sugars (glucose, syrup, sweets and honey), dried fruits, cake, fried foods, candy, alcohol and nuts
Nutritional Requirements for Diabetics
Carbohydrates ? High carbohydrate and high fiber diet improve insulin binding and increase in monocyte insulin receptor binding. High carbohydrate diet is likely to elevate serum triglyceride levels (endogenous cholesterol). Hence carbohydrate is maintained to about 50% of total calories. Most carbohydrates should be in form of polysaccharides such as bread, cereals, beans, etc. Rapidly absorbed mono and disaccharides such as sweets, chocolates and sweetened drink should be avoided.
Proteins ? A diet high in protein is good for the health of diabetics because it supplies the essential amino acids needed for tissue repair. Protein does not raise blood sugar during absorption as do carbohydrates and it does not supply as much calories as fat.
In patients with NIDDM, consumption of protein along with carbohydrate will lower the blood glucose concentration due to amino acid stimulation of insulin secretion; this help to compensate for the defect in glucose mediated insulin secretion seen in so many of these patients. Protein also promotes satiety and helps both types of diabetic patients to adhere to the carbohydrate allowance.
Fats ? Low fat diet increases insulin binding and also reduces LDL and VLDL levels and lowers the incidence of atherosclerosis which is more common in diabetics. Fat content in the diet should be 15-25% of total calories and higher in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Dietary Fiber ? Diets high in carbohydrate and fiber improve glucose metabolism without increasing insulin secretion. They lower fasting serum and peripheral insulin concentrations in response to oral glucose administration in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Fenugreek seeds which contain high fiber are useful to diabetics.
Artificial Sweeteners - High content of sugar consumption is undesirable for diabetics and for obese individuals. Non-caloric and high intense sweeteners are available as sugar substitute. These sweeteners are as sweet as sucrose, have a pleasant taste, are colorless, odorless, readily soluble, stable, functional and economically feasible.
Disclaimer: This article is not meant to provide health advice and is for general information only. Always seek the insights of a qualified health professional before embarking on any health program.
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