Solar power is a green energy source available in almost every corner of the globe and of course has been literally available since the dawn of time. Solar energy is produced by using photovoltaic (PV) cells that capture the energy of the sun and then convert it into electricity. The basic unit of the system is the solar cell and these cells are connected together into modules. Solar power is an increasingly attractive energy technology because photovoltaic modules produce no pollution, have an expected life of twenty years and require little in the way of maintenance. As such, solar power is increasingly being looked to as a long term solution for the world's current global warming problems.
One of the more popular solar power applications is the use of solar energy to power the home. Home solar power systems are a great way of using an alternative yet abundant energy source. They provide clean, renewable energy and require little maintenance after the initial installation. Home solar power systems convert sunlight into electricity through the use of solar panels. For an average home about ten watts per square foot of electrical energy will be gathered per day, but this can vary depending on the size of the solar panels that are being used. On days with a more intense sun, more electricity will be produced. Electricity generated by your solar panel array passes through an inverter to convert it from DC to AC electricity. Electrical wiring connects the solar panels to the controller, then to the meter box and ultimately to the electricity company via the existing electricity grid. Little additional equipment is needed other than the panels, controller and inverters, wiring, and the roof mounting system. Electricity produced by the solar cells that is not used immediately in the home can be returned to the power grid. When this happens the electricity meter literally spins backwards as energy is being passed back to the grid.
In the case of standalone residential power systems (i.e. where there is no integration with the existing electricity grid) it is important to also have a battery (or batteries) and an associated battery charger. A battery charger enables you to charge a battery (or batteries) in order to store electricity. Prior to the advent of solar battery chargers, solar power was only useful during daylight hours. You need the ability to not only utilize solar energy, but also store any excess electricity for use during the night. A solar power battery charger can be bought from a wide range of retail outlets and online stores, whom specialize in solar energy supplies.
These types of self sustaining solar power systems for the home are increasing in popularity worldwide as energy prices start to soar and environmental concerns take on a sharper priority.
There are two ways that solar power for homes is supplied. A stand alone solar power system acts as the sole source of electricity for your home. Alternatively, supplemental solar power systems, can supply all of your homes energy depending on sunlight availability. When sunlight is not available, your home can use energy from the power grid.
Standalone solar power systems and supplemental systems for the generation of solar power for homes contain the same fundamental parts. At the outset are the photovoltaic panels, generally referred to as PV or solar panels, which are equipped with a solar cell or semiconductor that transforms the sun's rays into electricity. The electricity then is routed to a regulator/controller which maintains the electric current at the voltage/amperage level the system is made for. Electricity then is routed into your home's electrical system or else into a battery array or a storage system which will keep the solar power ready for when the sun sets.
As long as your house is hooked up to the power company's grid, you won't need to set up a separate storage system. However, setting up your own storage is more advantageous as your monthly utility bill be reduced further and you'll still have power even during an outage.
Supplementing or replacing your electricity needs with solar power for homes is becoming easier and more affordable than ever. Some building materials include roofing material, awnings, car port roofing and the edges of the panes in your windows. This type of solar panel is called Building Integrated Photovoltaics. When used in roofing material these panels offer the same level of home protection as asphalt shingles while functioning as a solar panel.
One of the largest setbacks to adding or converting your home to solar power has always been the initial cost, there are however a growing number of ways to combat that cost. There are grants available on both the state and federal level to help offset a large portion of using solar power for homes. While the federal rebate may change from year to year, individual state rebates vary from state to state, with some states offering special low interest financing as an added green incentive to rebates.
Aside from reducing your homes environmental impact, perhaps one of the greenest returns you will see will be in your utility bill which you can reduce or eliminate through the use of solar power for homes. Most utility companies even have a metering program that enables you to sell the excess power generated by your solar power system to the utility company, now hows that for green!
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