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[T514]The History Of Modern Europe

by Fred Jones, Fre

United States today is looked at as a law full of law suits. The famous case of McDonalds getting sued for not writing a warning for hot coffee being hot is still talked amongst people all over the world today. People make jokes at every situation that might be possibly end up being a lawsuit. With all these fact, it might even seem like the United States is the heart and home of the laws and rights. But where did laws originate from? Who first said you cannot steel from others without consequences?

The development of law is closely related to development of human civilization. Civil codes are written when a steady civilization is created. The oldest civil codes can be dated back to 3000BC in Ancient Egypt. The code is based on social equality and impartiality. The oldest known tablet containing a law code that is surviving today is The Code of Ur-Nammu. It was written in 2100BC in Sumerian language. The laws written in the code is arranged by if-then pattern. It was quite advanced because it institutes fines of monetary compensation for bodily damage than eye for an eye principle except for capital crimes such as murder, adultery and rape which are punished with death.

Around 1760Bc, King Hammurabi further developed Babylonian law, where eye for an eye is exercised, by codifying and inscribing it in stones and placing in several copies throughout the kingdom of Babylon as stele for the entire public, both citizen and visitors, to see. Though some of the codes might be applicable to today's laws, the cultures of the Babylonian age can be observed from the tablets. The Old Testament of the bible is probably the oldest written law that can still be relevant for modern legal laws. Dating back to 1280BC, it takes the form of moral imperatives to make a better society.

In Asia, Ancient India and China represent distinct traditions of law. They even had independent schools for legal theory and practice. The Indian law was not exactly a law, but a way to rule and govern with the philosophy that went with tolerance and Pluralism, and was eventually cited across Southeast Asia. The Indian law, with Hindu tradition along with Islamic law, was affected by the common law when India became part of the British Empire. Along with India, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore and Hong Kong were affected as well. Though the Asian legal tradition reflects a blend of secular and religious influences, massive transformation took place with the adaptation of the common European law. Japan was the first country to westernize their law, probably affected by the German Law.

Today, in most advanced countries, the act of judging according to the law is taken care of in courts. It is typically overseen by either a government or independent regulating body such as association for a certain organization or a law society. Lawyers are often higher to represent the person or people in courts and give advice about legal rights and duties. In some countries the Judge decides the case and in others, a group of juries, made up of common citizens, make up the decision.

Whether it be cruel punishment or a monetary compensation, law has been existing for a while, but we all must keep in thought that it is made not to punish us but to protect us.

Although the history of homeschooling can be traced back for many hundreds of years, and you will often here Aristotle quoted as being the father of homeschooling for his efforts in tutoring Alexander the Great, it was not really until the second half of the twentieth century that homeschooling as we know it today was born.

During the 1960s people began to speak out openly about the problems of the public school system and three people in particular were heard above the crowd.

The first was an Ivy League graduate who had sought to change the system from the inside but, when he discovered that this a case of bashing his head against a brick wall, he began what was to become a twenty year period during which he wrote extensively on the subject of education in general and homeschooling in particular.

John Holt was perhaps the most influential voice in those early days and his many books, starting with 'How Children Fail' in 1964, are still in print and are widely read today. Proposing a system which moved away from the authoritarian attitude of the public schools and the importance of curricula and schedules, John Holt focused his attention on the innate curiosity of the child and sought to structure learning around the interests and talents of each individual child.

But John Holt was not a lone voice and others too made a valuable contribution to the debate.

Raymond Moore for example, a devout Christian and ex-missionary, voiced the concerns of many parents about the lack of spiritual and moral guidance being given by our public schools and about the growing level of violence. Moore proposed that parents should take control over the education of their children and should focus not simply upon academic achievement, but should also upon ensuring that their children are taught the values which they will need if they are to be productive and valued members of our society.

There was also a third extremely influential voice raised at this time. Ayn Rand, a novelist and philosopher, did not speak or write specifically on the subject of homeschooling at any length but gave birth to the modern libertarian movement. Out of this movement a political party was born which, amongst other things, opposes a state sponsored education system and espouses an education system which focuses on the child as an individual and seeks to develop that child's innate creativity.

These three voices together, while stemming from very different philosophies, were all singing from the same hymn book and gave birth to the idea behind modern homeschooling. This is s simple idea which places the intellectual and moral development of our children at the center of modern education.

Article Source : Florida Rural Legal Services

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Both Fred Jones & Don Saunders are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.

Fred Jones has sinced written about articles on various topics from Dating and Romance, Health and Travel and Leisure. Sam McKenzy. Fred Jones's top article generates over 49500 views. to your Favourites.

Don Saunders has sinced written about articles on various topics from Types of Cancer, Sleep Apnea and K 15. Parenting4Dummies.com provides information, advice and articles on all aspects of parenting including and many paren. Don Saunders's top article generates over 8100 views. to your Favourites.