An accurate time reference is very important for the use of computer software applications. Athough every Computer includes an internal clock, it pays to check time and date settings are correct on your PC every time you turn it on. For important applications, the time base should be synchronised with a highly accurate external time source.
Personal Computers are not designed to be perfect clocks. Their design has been optimised for mass production and low-cost rather than maintaining accurate time. Where time is crucial to the application, there are a number of precise external references available that enable computers to maintain accurate system time. This article looks at the various sources of time references to show how they can be utilised to maintain synchronised time on your computer.
Working to a synchronised time base is essential in computer networks. Without any external reference, individual computers will start to drift, anything from a few seconds to a few minutes each day. Clearly such a situation would not be acceptable when processing transactions or performing time critical tasks.
On the Internet this problem has been solved by introducing the Network Time Protocol (NTP). The NTP protocol supports the distribution of accurate time from a highly precise time server to network time clients. Most modern operating systems have the ability to synchronise time with an NTP server. Generally all that is required is the IP address or domain name of Stratum 1 or Stratum 2 NTP servers.
UNIX and LINUX operating Plattform is able to download the complete NTP application from the NTP website.ntp.org NTP is freely available, open source software, available under the GNU public license.
Mirosoft Windows XP/2000/2003 and Vista system software use a standart SNTP client for Simple Network Time Protocol. This is based on a sub-set of the Network Time Protocol, using a simplified NTP algorithm with many of the more complex high precision routines removed.
The Windows operating systems allows an IP address or domain name of a internet NTP server to be inputed into a time properties tab. The SNTP client will then contact the NTP server periodically in order to update and synchronise system time.
Alternative methods will be required for standalone computers and systems which do not have access to the Internet. These can be provided with a local access to national radio time references which are transmitted free-to-air.
All that is required is a small RS232 serial or USB radio receiver, and the PC can obtain continuous accurate time. The Computer Time synchronises to the received time and frequency radio source.
Radio broadcasts are identified by their ?call sign' The UK time transmitter call sign, MSF, is located at Anthorn, Cumbria. Similar arrangements exist in Noth America ? call sign WWVB from Colarado. Germany is covered by DCF broadcast from Mineflingen, near Frankfurt. National broadcasts are also available in France, Switzerland, Japan and Canada.
The only shortcoming with national radio time and frequency solutions is that they have a finite transmission range. In general they are limited to geographic boundaries also. Such issues do not apply to the Global Position System (GPS) a satellite based universal navigation system.
Each GPS satellite carries a highly accurate synchronised atomic clock. This enables GPS to provide precise timing information anywhere on the face of the planet. All that is required to receive the transmission is a low cost-cost GPS receiver and antenna with a clear view of the sky. PC connections are similar to the radio transmissions configuration, using a serial or USB port, enabling accurate timing information to be available continuously.
Copyright (c) 2007 Galleon Systems
The life style has completely changed these days as we are being introduced to spectacular and the most modern luxuries and comforts. There are immense ways where we can relax our selves. Playing games, going for an outing and many more excitements are waiting ahead for us. In the early years people were not very advantageous and neither there were ways or paraphernalia where they could show their handiness. People in those days were rather simple and they least made any attempt to understand anything innovative whereas today man has made huge progress in every field and he/she is trying to reach and achieve all the ground-breaking procedures and making use of the new innovations he/she is wants to show how they are while using them.
Skate boarding is one of the latest ability where people are making their way towards.
Commonly the skate boards are premeditated in such a way that it gives the rider a complete comfort. Although many people still do not know how to make use of it but still if they make an effort then learning the art of skate boarding becomes easy. Smooth wooden panels are used to make these skate boards.
While I was going through the details of the skate board I found that the skate board is a special sort of talent which can be executed cleverly using both the feet. While one of the feet is very skillfully kept on the ground and the other is kept on the skate board so that the procedure gets on the track very efficiently. If the rider of the skate board wants to increase the tempo, then he/she can very beneficially do with the help of the pumping course of action.
As already mentioned earlier that while I was going through the details of the skate boards I even found that there are long boards offered in the market which are very affordable and they are quite easy to use too because of their great and extensive size. People who are fond of sloping track are advised to make use of the long boards so that they can balance themselves evidently. And because of its extensive size these boards can also come in use for transport motives. The wider the place, the efficient the rider is while using it. There are varieties of skate boards and long boards too in the market.
The one who gets addicted to use the long skate board is always comfortable while using it because the art which he/she can act upon on it comes out very proficiently because of its intense heaviness. Because of the heavy weight the act of balance becomes easy. Long boards are premeditated proficiently and the wheels which are affixed to the bottom of the board are big and supple. Although the invention of the skate boards was started in the 1940? and 1950's but now they are being introduced in the market with modern facilities, structures and sizes. A skate board is indeed one of the best productions!
Both Magdalena Sperber & Sandra Ruper are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
Magdalena Sperber has sinced written about articles on various topics from Computers and The Internet, Personal Desktop and Computers and The Internet. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Magdalena Sperber provides technical authoring services to the industry. Click here for detailed information on Windows 2003 R. Magdalena Sperber's top article generates over 1600 views. to your Favourites.
Sandra Ruper has sinced written about articles on various topics from Finances, Debts Loans and Wedding Bells. Sandra is an expert in the field. For and for more details on. Sandra Ruper's top article generates over 49500 views. to your Favourites.