This newsletter has been developed to provide insights into the operation of the financial services industry, and to help individual investors make decisions concerning the type of advisement that best suits their needs. While there are many professionals who provide investment advice in one form or another, there are certain credentials and licenses financial professionals should possess before you entrust them with your savings. We will explore the various licenses and certifications to determine which type of professional might be best suited to your needs.
Financial Advisor, Financial Consultant, Investment Advisor, Financial Planner, Registered Representative, Stock Broker, Variable Products Agent or Insurance Agent are many of the terms used in the financial services industry to describe the professional duties performed. Fee based or commission based compensation are terms which get thrown into the mix, causing client confusion. In reality, a licensed professional can have all of those titles, perform all of those services, which we just identified, and work in a fee or commission based capacity with a client.
The National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) is one of the associations which self regulates the securities industry. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is the government agency which oversees the NASD and the exchanges, such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The NASD licenses Registered Representatives, while the SEC or individual state bureaus of securities register investment advisors (RIA). Financial Planner, Financial Consultant or other terms used to describe financial services professionals are other ways to describe an RIA. Insurance Agents are licensed by individual state Departments of Banking and Insurance. If the agent sells variable products, such as variable annuities or variable universal life insurance, they must also have an NASD License.
The NASD has many licenses, but many professionals have at least a Series 65, which is an NASD license needed to be a Registered Investment Advisor in many states. This is the minimum, short of having no license at all. In order to be a Registered Representative, the minimum license needed is a Series 6 from the NASD. This entitles a Representative to sell mutual funds, and obtain an affiliation with a securities firm. An insurance license to sell variable products enables the representative to also provide variable annuities or variable universal life insurance.
In order to advise and transact stock, bond, REIT and limited partnership sales, as well as mutual fund, ETF's, variable annuity and variable universal life sales, a Registered Representative needs to attain a Series 7 license, as well as a variable life license. By obtaining a Series 63, disclosing all investment advisement relationships to their broker/dealer and by registering with their state Bureau of Securities or the SEC, if assets are over 25 million, a registered representative can have a dual registration as a Registered Representative and Registered Investment Advisor. Once this stage has been reached, an Investment Advisor can demonstrate to a client whether fee based or commission based compensation is best for the client.
A Registered Investment Advisor
After making the decision to consult a professional, the next step is to determine your investment style so you can determine the type of professional that best suits your needs. There are three basic investment styles:
* Independent or Self-directed: This person is comfortable making their own investment decisions; they can look at stocks,real estate or bonds and other investment opportunities and are confident making decisions.
* Validate: A person with this investment style wants ongoing guidance from a financial professional but also wants to remain in control of their investment choices, as well as the implementation and execution of the advice.
* Delegate: This style prefers to entrust the decision-making process to an adviser and be kept current on the status of the account
There are several different types of financial advisors including financial planners, stockbrokers and Registered Investment Advisors (RIA).
A RIA works well with a “Delegator" style of investor. Typically, “Delegates" have reached a point in their life where they want an advisor to manage their assets based on their lifestyle and financial goals. People who have left a job to become an entrepreneur frequently fall into this category, as they want assistance determining how to manage their company 401Ks, for example.
Sometimes, “Self-Directed" and “Validates" investors might change their investment style after a change in market conditions,change in financial position or for a host of other reasons and require assistance.
RIAs are professional financial advisers who specialize in managing financial securities portfolios. Typically, RIAs require a minimum account size of $250,000 to $1,000,000 of instable assets to create an effective portfolio. Some AIRs have a primary focus on mutual funds, pension plans and institutional clients. Others are in private practice and provide personalized investment services to individuals, trusts, and small business clients.
An AIR offers an investor the following benefits:
* Full time asset management including the selection, purchase, sale monitoring, review, and performance tracking of securities.
* Experienced and objective financial advice.
* Focus on high quality securities
* Design, construction and implementation of a strategy to meet your goals
* Coordination of managed assets in taxable, retirement,trust and business accounts for diversification without redundancy.
* Frequent communication regarding account and market information
* Regular performance reports that measure asset progress against market indices.
Advisers work on either commission only, fee only or a combination of fee and commission. Fee only investment advisors do not accept commissions and are not associated with products or investment banking relationships. The firm’s compensation is based solely on fair market value of the portfolio they are managing and not on the number of transactions or type of investments. This type of compensation system ensures that the adviser’s interests align with its clients.
AIR firms are highly regulated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [“SEC"]. Advisers who “continuously" and regularly manage assets of $25 million or more are mandated by the “SEC".
Regardless of whether you choose to manage your own investments or entrust management to a financial company, it’s imperative that you have a consistent method for building your nest egg. You also should do your own due diligence and research on all financial institutions, products and professionals that you are considering for your team.
Both John Kaighn & Giovanna Garcia are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
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