Kidney stone is a commonly found ailment these days that can come in any age group or any environment. Mostly, the kidney stones are painful that need immediate attention and proper care. Kidney stones are solid stones like the lumps within the kidneys that may move and block the urinary tract. The size and color of the stones vary. The stone may be as small as grains of sand and even be as large as the size of a golf ball. The number of stones may be one or more, it may be in hundreds too but such great number of stones is very rare to find.

The most common kinds of kidney stones are the ones that are deposited due to the deposit of calcium. There are numerous kinds of calcium stones, mostly the calcium stones are made from the result of absorptive Hypercalciuria; that is the state when the calcium is excreted in the urine because too much calcium is being absorbed from the intestines. In the absorptive calcium stones there are three types as follows:

• Stones which are independent of the calcium in diet.

• Stones that have dependency on the calcium included in diet are taken as a cause. These stones can be preventing by limiting the intake of calcium in diet.

• Stones that are developed due to phosphate loss into the urine, which causes more vitamin D to be made by the body, which in turn causes more Calcium to be absorbed by the intestine.

A kind of stones that are caused due to resorptive hypercalciria; a condition in which too much calcium is reabsorbed. This is due to Hyperparathyroidism. There are stones that are formed when the renal tubules are unable to deal with the calcium; these stones are called renal hypercalciuria stones. Hyperoxaluric Calcium stones are stones that are caused usually due to excess diarrhea or inflammatory bowel syndromes. It is a condition in which the calcium is not available in the intestine to blind oxalate as a result, it is absorbed and binds with calcium in urine to form calcium oxalate stones. The preventive measure to avoid this kind of stone is by keeping oneself hydrated adequately. Hypocitraturic Calcium stones are another kind of calcium stone in which there is insufficient supply of citrate to bind calcium so there is more calcium available to bind to other substances and make stones. The main cause of this kind of stones is chronic diarrhea. Calcium stones can also be formed due to over excretion of uric acid small uric acid crystals act as nucleus for calcium stones. It has been stated that intake of water and other fluids proves helpful in preventing all kinds of calcium kidney stones; so one should increase ones fluid intake and get proper check up for correct and timely diagnosis.