The City State of the Vatican is the smallest independent sovereign country in the world and for its immense treasures it's the richest. The holy see guests the biggest roman art collection in the world, with approximately 6000 roman statues preseved in the vatican museums. A huge part of the vatican is featured by the biggest church in the world, St. Peter's Basilica, an amazing creation of Renaissance and Baroque architecture. The Basilica raises up 140 meters (420 ft) with its dome designed by Michelangelo, who spent 30 years of his life working for the popes in Rome.
What you will be able to see when coming from the harbor of Civitavecchia will be really a short percentage of what really the vatican has under the floors of its precious galleries.
The Vatican City has its own constitution, postal system, seal, flag, and other symbols of property. The Vatican also has its own army, the Swiss Guard, numbering about 100 soldiers. The swiss guards today work as private guards of the popes and cardinals because there is a treaty of extradition between Italy and the holy see for crimes committed within the state, like the terrible attack against John Paull II in 1981. The Italian police is permanently taking care of the security on the other side of the Tiber river.Vatican Radio is the official radio station, and powerful transmitters beam ?the pope's voice? to a global audience. In 2001 Vatican City had an estimated population of 1,000 people. Citizenship is gained by permanent residence in the Vatican together with the performance of special duties in the service of the Holy See.
The pope has absolute executive, legislative, and judicial powers within the city. He appoints the members of the Vatican's government organs, which are separate from those of the Holy See, the name given to the government of the Roman Catholic Church.
In the Papal Palaces that house the Vatican Museums, the biggest in the world, there are paintings by Giotto, Beato Angelico, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, Caravaggio, and then the collection of classic Greek and Roman art that includes such artifacts of world-wide fame as the Apollo del Belvedere and Laocoonte, and the tapestries designed by Raphael, the maps drawn by a cartographer of the 16th century that are so precise, they could be used even today. We shall walk through the apartments of the Popes, and the great Stanze di Raffaello (rooms in the Papal apartments painted by Raffaello). The journey through time and art must culminate with one of the world's wonders - the Sistine Chapel - the "Holy of Holies" of the Popes, covered with frescoes painted by the greatest artists of the 15th century, and completed with frescoes by perhaps the greatest of all artists, Michelangelo.
Carnival Cruise Shore Excursion
The port of Civitavecchia is located at one and half hour by minibus from Rome and is becoming more and more important every year bringing more customers early in the morning to explore the treasures of Rome. Few people know that the fast highway that connects Rome from its port can take you directly to see the Colosseum and the ancient roman ruins.
The early history of Rome, is composed by legend and mythology, and sometimes remembers facts belonging to the jewish people, like for example the episode of Romulus and Remus suckled by the shewolf.
A good personal shore tour of Rome must start from the city center of Rome, Piazza Venezia. The monument to Victor Emmanuel has been erected there to celebrate the unification of Italy; here is the tomb of the unknown soldier. Having the square behind, the contrast with Via dei Fori Imperiali is spectacular, because you have in front the heart of the ancient civilization.
In the matter of just a few centuries, Rome grew from a very small village in central Italy to the absolute dominant power of the entire peninsula.On the left side of the Imperial forums there is the most renowned column in the world, the Trajan's column, which, for its reliefs, inspired artists like Raphael. On the right are the imponent remains of the Roman Forum: the senate Curia, the Via Sacra, the Arch of Septimius Severus.
Not to be missed is the Mamertine prison where, according to tradition, the apostles Peter and Paul were kept as prisoners.The Colosseum rises with its massive structure at the end of the Via sacra.
The greatest empire the earth has ever known is more than just a collection of facts and figures. It represents both the glorious achievement and at times contemptible behavior of mankind.
The Flavian amphitheater is always considered the eternal symbol of Rome. Next to it is the imposing Arch of Constantine (IV century AD),located where during the kings' age there was a temple where the new senators from Alba Longa met. From here, you can look at a suggestive panorama, particularly on the hill of the imperial power for excellence, that is to say, the Palatine.
After the visit to the Colosseum, considered the biggest amphiteatre ever built for the gladiator games,people spending their day tour in Rome must not miss the biggest stadium in the ancient world: the circus maximus. This elliptical stadium was built by the etruscan kings during the VI century BC and has been used for the chariot races competition with a capacity of spectatos five times more than the Colosseum itself: this building could contain 250.000 people divided in two levels.
In a few more centuries, the Roman Empire`s might reached as far north as Britain, east to Persia and in the south it encompassed the whole of Northern Africa. Rome's extraordinary achievements and the unparalleled string of influential people shaped the whole of Europe and even the rest of the world.
What you will be able to see when coming from the harbor of Civitavecchia will be really a short percentage of what really ancient Rome has under its streets.
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