The thought of personal bankruptcy is very frightening, however over 5.4 per 1,000 people have filed for bankruptcy last year, and this rate has been growing at an average of nearly 7 percent. Researchers have determined that the primary cause of personal bankruptcy is uncontrollable levels of consumer debt oftentimes coupled with an unexpected event, such as a major medical expense not covered by insurance, the loss of a job, divorce or death of a spouse. According to economists? surveys, the classic bankruptcy filer is a blue collar, high school graduate who is the head of a household in the lower middle-income class with heavy use of credit. In order to protect both debtor, and creditor, laws were enacted to provide equal, and fair measures to satisfy the objectives of all parties. The primary purpose of the laws of bankruptcy are: (1) to give an honest debtor a fresh start in life by relieving the debtor of most debts, and (2) to repay creditors in an orderly manner to the extent that the debtor has property available for payment.
There are two types of structured plans for filing for personal bankruptcy, Chapter 7 or Chapter 13. Over two-thirds of personal filers choose Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Basically Chapter 7 requires the debtor to liquidate all non-exempt assets, and have them distributed among creditors. Some examples of exempt assets include equity in a primary residence, and a retirement program. On the other hand, Chapter 13 does not require liquidation, rather a debtor agrees to a specific payment plan, whereby a portion of any unsecured debts is paid, and the balance is forgiven. It must be stressed, that under both plans, certain debts are ineligible for bankruptcy protection. These debts include government student loans, child support, alimony, and income tax debt. These must be paid back in full.
Some analysts are concerned that this unprecedented level of debt might pose a risk to the financial health of American households. In an attempt to reverse the increasing trend in personal bankruptcy, the federal government has recently implemented sweeping bankruptcy reform legislation. On March 10, 2005, the Senate passed S. 256, the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005. On April 20th, President Bush signed into law the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 (Bankruptcy Act of 2005). This act makes filing for bankruptcy more difficult through income-means testing, tougher guidelines for the homestead exemption, increased lawyer liability and required credit counseling.
Chapter 11 Personal Bankruptcy
The only problem with this idea is that it does not change a person's behavior. Instead, it almost reinforces the irresponsible habits and behaviors that resulted in the debt in the first place. People who find themselves in this predicament and want to avoid personal bankruptcy will want to look into bankruptcy alternatives before making their final decision.
Bankruptcy is, in a nutshell, a person's inability to repay the debts that they have accumulated with any number of creditors. When a person decides to file bankruptcy, they are often admitting that they see no way out of the debt that they have built up.
This can happen over a period of a few months or several years and for a variety of reasons, including school loans, medical bills, and credit cards, among others. Many people encounter circumstances that make it difficult to repay their debts while others might buy a lot of stuff on credit with the plan of declaring bankruptcy the entire time.
For years, many people decided to file bankruptcy in order to rid themselves of their student loans. Unfortunately for some people, the United States has recently made laws that exempt federal student loans from personal bankruptcy status. This means that even when a person has declared bankruptcy, they are still responsible for their federal student loans. Currently, this is the only exemption that debtors cannot add to their bankruptcy, but certain circumstances can allow for special provisions in very few cases.
For those who want to avoid bankruptcy, there are several ways to get out of what might seem to be insurmountable debt. Several bankruptcy alternatives are available and they are worth the extra amount of effort and work in order to preserve your credit.
Since the United States passed new laws, it is almost impossible to have all of your debts simply relieved. Debts are more likely placed in a repayment plan with courts relegating a percentage of your income to each debt. The problem with this is that you can make deals with your creditors to make payments yourself without damaging your credit as much as a personal bankruptcy would do.
Even if it takes some hard work and effort, researching your financial options is of utmost importance for making the right decision. Instead of just allowing a personal bankruptcy to affect your credit for years to come, look into the ramifications it will have on your financial future.
For instance, it will always affect your ability to get a low interest rate when you decide to buy a home or for many other types of major purchases. The best thing to do is to pick up as much overtime and negotiate with your creditors in order to pay them off. Of course, it will take some extra effort on your part, but your credit rating will thank you for it.
Both Jay Stockman & Mike Selvon are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
Jay Stockman has sinced written about articles on various topics from Cars, Auto Insurance and Personal Bankruptcy. Jay B Stockman is a contributing editor for Visit. Jay Stockman's top article generates over 49500 views. to your Favourites.
Mike Selvon has sinced written about articles on various topics from Camping, Allergies and Personal Desktop. Mike Selvon is the owner of various niche portals. Our portal is a great resource for more information on the reasons to avoid filing for. Mike Selvon's top article generates over 450000 views. to your Favourites.
All About Dog Daycare Dogs that receive this love and attention are less likely to develop common misbehavior problems, and these happy dogs will make happy owners