Yoga is an ancient art of physical and spiritual well being that originated in India. Even today in India it is a vibrant living tradition, it is also seen as a means to attain enlightenment. In other parts of the world especially the west, where yoga is popular it is seen as a fitness exercise. Throughout the world yoga has influenced other religious and spiritual practices but it is seen as an ultimate way of attaining enlightenment in Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism.
History of Yoga researchers have established the timeline of the sculptures of the meditating yogi from the Indus Valley Civilization to be around 6 to 7 thousand years old. The ancient Hindu scripture Rig Veda contains the earliest written account about yoga. As it was maintained and communicated orally for almost a millennium before it was penned down between 1500 and 1200 B.C., it is very difficult to point out the exact timeline. Patanjali (first yoga text) dated around 2nd century BC, preaches about adherence to "eight limbs" to provide harmony to one's mind.
The Upanisads thought to have been written between the eight and fourth centuries B.C provides the earliest complete narrative of the principles and goals of yoga. Since Upanishads constitute the end of Spiritual wisdom they are also called as Vedanta. In the Vedantas, the practice of sacrificing animals and conducting ceremonies in order to appease the gods was replaced by the understanding that man can achieve union with God by the means of inner sacrifice. The inner sacrifice meant leading a life of restraint, moral culture and training of the mind.
Yoga is loosely translated as "ordinary being achieving union with the Supreme Being". The follower of yoga is called a yogi. The practitioners who have made considerable progress in yoga are called "yogin (male)" or yogini (female)".
There are many types of yoga, but basis of most of the forms is concentration (dharana) and meditation (dhyana). The yoga text describes them as being interconnected; continuous single pointed concentration gradually leads to meditation, through which one's inner self expands and merges with something vast.
The tradition of yoga incorporates the beliefs and techniques of yoga with the practical experience. Many gurus have written on the subject, shedding meaning onto the ancient yoga texts. Also a guru can open an institution of yoga through which he can teach yoga the way he wants it. Many artists have derived their inspirations for art, poetry, dance and music from yoga. The students who become associated with a particular yogic institution follow common practices, such as the mantras (chants) and studying sacred texts. The difference between the various schools teaching yoga may always be the way of approach to the various types of yoga.
The yogic gurus sometimes have been portrayed as going beyond every day way of life in a rule bound society, which does not mean that they act in an unethical fashion but will act to a certain extent with a direct knowledge of ultimate truth.
Some of the notable yogis are Swami Vivekananda, Swami Sivananda, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
Eight Limbs Of Yoga
The benefit of yoga practice is nothing new. It has been recognized for many years as the perfect discipline to help one achieve tranquility, better health, and longer life.
Many people view the benefit of yoga as some weird discipline that involves yogi's contorted in unnatural positions, doing strange acts of the body, and living on a mountaintop somewhere in India. I personally remember a television documentary many years ago featuring a yogi that had his tongue split, using it to clean his sinus cavities! Anyone interested in yoga has probably also seen images of yogi's supporting great weight with their genitals.
In this modern age, much has been learned about the benefit of yoga. Yoga practitioners achieve greater mobility, longer life, and internal happiness through their practice of the art. Yoga as we know it today is aimed at uniting the mind, body,and spirit. The mysticism of the Hindu discipline is no longer a myth, and is reachable by all willing to learn.
Yoga practice is roughly grouped into three categories - the Yoga Postures (Asanas), Yoga Breathing (Pranayama) and Meditation. These categories embrace physiological, psychological, and biochemical effects. In addition, clinicians have compared these results against the Western practices of jogging, aerobic exercise, and weight training, and find results comparable.
The most popular style of Yoga in the West today is Hatha Yoga. It is designed to focuses on the physical well-being of a person and believers in the practice consider the body as the vehicle of the spirit.
Ananda Yoga, a classical style of Hatha Yoga, uses Asana and Pranayama to awaken, experience, and take control of the subtle energies within the body, and focuses on the energies of the seven Chakras.
Anusara (a-nu-SAR-a)yoga is defined as "stepping into the current of Divine Will", "following your heart", and "moving with the current of divine will." This new style, which was developed by John Friend, is defined as "yoga positions that flow from the heart." It is heart-oriented, spiritually inspiring, and is based on a deep knowledge of outer and inner body alignment. It is based on the principles of Hatha Yoga and biochemical practices. Students of this discipline base their practice on attitude, action, and alignment.
Ashtanga yoga could possibly be the perfect Yoga for those looking for a serious workout. Ashtanga was developed by K. Pattabhi Jois, and is very physically demanding. A series of flows, moving quickly from one posture to another, is utilized to build strength, flexibility and stamina. This style is not good for the beginning practitioner, as it requires 6 series of difficulty. The physical demands of Ashtanga are not for the casual practitioner beginning the journey of yoga fitness.
Bikram Yoga, named for its founder Bikram Choudhury, is practiced in a room with a temperature of up to 100 degrees. Twenty six Asanas are performed in a typical session, and focus is on warming and stretching muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Each pose is accompanied by Kapalabhati Breath, the "breath of fire." Practice of this style promotes cleansing of the body, the release of toxins, and ultimate flexibility. One must be in very good physical shape to practice Bikram Yoga.
These basic definitions will give the person seeking the benefit of yoga a clear-cut understanding of what is to be expected, and will help them make the proper decision to find the discipline that best suits their needs. More information is posted on a regular basis at . Visit today to learn about the practice of yoga to meet your exercise needs.
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