Forex is an abbreviated name for foreign exchange. The Forex market is a non-stop cash market where the currencies of nations are bought and sold, typically via brokers. For example, you buy Euros, paying with U.S. Dollars, or you sell Euros for Japanese Yen. The value of your Forex investment increases or decreases because of changes in the currency exchange rate or Forex rate. These changes can occur at any time, and often result from economic and political factors, such as the price of oil or political unrest. This article discusses the various steps in making a Forex trade.



Before we proceed, let us review the basics of Forex analysis. Currency market players typically use Forex analysis as a means of predicting currency price movements. Forex analysis is divided into two types: fundamental and technical. A fundamental analysis uses economic and political factors as a means of predicting currency movements. A technical analysis uses reliable historical data as a means of forecasting these movements. The technical analyst believes that history repeats itself over and over again. Some Forex traders depend on fundamental analysis while others depend on technical analysis. However, many successful Forex traders use a combination of both strategies. The important point to remember here is that no one strategy or combination of strategies is ever 100% certain.

Now we can proceed to discussing the various steps in making a Forex trade.

Through a combination of fundamental and technical analysis, you believe that the Euro will go up against the U.S. Dollar because of economic events. To activate the Forex deal, you need to buy Euros with U.S. Dollars. Therefore, your pair of currencies in this Forex transaction are the Euro and the U.S. Dollar.

Next, you determine the volume or the amount of the Forex deal you wish to make. You decide to buy 1 lot of Euros with U.S. Dollars. 1 lot is equal to 100,000 units of the base. Likewise, 2 lots are equal to 200,000 units of the base, 3 lots are equal to 300,000 units of the base, and so on.

You then check the bid price and ask price of EUR/USD. Like the stock market, the Forex market has a bid price and ask price. The bid is the price you can sell at. The ask is the price you can buy at. The bid/ask spread or simply spread is the distance between the bid and ask prices. In Forex trading, this spread is usually expressed in pips.

For this Forex trade, let's suppose that the bid price is 1.2362 and that the ask price is 1.2365. This means that you can you can sell 1 lot (100,000 units) of Euros for $123,620 or you can buy 1 lot of Euros for $123,650. In this example, the spread between the bid and ask prices is 3 pips wide (1.2365 - 1.2362 = 3 pips).

As stated above, you have decided to buy 1 lot of Euros for $123,650. However, you don't have to come up with $123,650 in order to buy 100,000 Euros. You can buy 1 lot of Euros with a 1% margin at the price of 1.2365 and wait for the price to increase.

Margin is referred to as the collateral needed to facilitate the Forex deal. Usually, this is a very small portion of the entire deal, say 1% or 1:100. For this example, your margin would be $1,236.50. Please note that margin is a double-edged sword. Without the proper use of risk management tools that are discussed below, you can experience substantial losses as well as gains.

You determine stop-loss and take-profit rates. A stop-loss order is a market order to close a Forex position if or when losses reach a pre-set threshold. A take-profit order is a market order to close a Forex position if or when profits reach a pre-set threshold. We strongly suggest that you take advantage of stop-loss and take-profit options in your Forex trading. By using the take-profit and stop-loss options, your deal closes automatically, when and if such rates occur in the market.

Let's suppose that you have a pre-set take-profit rate of 1.3575. Three days later, the Euro rises in relation to the U.S. Dollar. Your deal closes automatically when profits reach your pre-set threshold. You now have $135,750, which is $12,100 more than what you started out with three days earlier.

Let's look at another scenario as well. Suppose that you have a pre-set stop-loss rate of 1.2165. Two days later, the Euro falls in relation to the U.S. Dollar. Your deal closes automatically when losses reach your pre-set threshold. In this example, you now have $121,650, which is $2,000 less than what you started out with two days earlier.

Trading Forex on margin carries a high level of risk, and may not be suitable for all investors. The high degree of leverage can work against you as well as for you. Before deciding to invest in foreign exchange you should carefully consider your investment objectives, level of experience, and risk appetite. The possibility exists that you could sustain a loss of some or all of your initial investment and therefore you should not invest money that you cannot afford to lose.