Watering your garden can be tricky enough when it is raining plenty. You may take it for granted while it's there, but once it's gone, you will truly realize its importance in keeping your garden healthy. Especially in times of drought, it's necessary to consider how you water your garden, conserving water but still keeping your plants healthy. Here are a few things you can do to make the best use of the water you use on your plants:
Use plenty of mulch around your plants. Mulch will keep water from evaporating out of the soil. Organic much like grass clippings or wood chips can also help add organic matter to the soil. However, plastic mulches also work for limiting evaporation. You can lay plastic mulching between rows in your vegetable garden. However, keep in mind that this will also limit the water that reaches the soil underneath.
Use the water where it will do the most good. Plants need water in their roots. Sprinklers do not do the best job of this, because too much water lands on the leaves, evaporating before it ever reaches the grant. Instead, you should slowly and gently water at the base of the plants. This will be most efficient because it allows the water to soak into the soil.
If your water is limited, water the plants that need it most. In drought conditions, you should use the water on newly planted trees, shrubs, and flowers. Their limited root systems will suffer from the lack of water. Well-established plants, especially if you have chosen those that are native to the area and therefore used to less water, will be more likely to survive droughts with little damage.
Also consider when you are watering. You should water your plants in the early morning, before it has become hot. This will limit the amount of water that evaporates, because it will have soaked into the soil before the heat of the day. It will also supply plants with enough moisture to make it through the sunniest part of the day.
One way to water many plants efficiently is to install a drip or trickle irrigation systems. Many of these are inexpensive and easy to install. They provide small amounts of water at the base of individual plants. Unlike sprinklers, drip irrigation systems deliver the water right where it is needed.
To conserve water, consider collecting water from your downspouts during rains. You can actually collect a significant amount of water this way. Plants, such as dracaena fragrans, that have low water can also help. During dry spells, use this to water your plants, limiting your use of tap water in the garden.
Even in times of drought, there are steps you can take to use your water wisely and still keep your plants healthy!
Growing Plants In Greenhouse
Hydroponics growing is riddled with myths and false statements which get spread around the growing community in the ever elusive quest for extra yield. Some of them stem from lack of growing knowledge whilst others are created by unscrupulous companies attempting to sell products which don't actually work.
Water temperature ? Your nutrient solution should feel COLD at 21oC NOT WARM. 21 degrees centigrade is the ideal temperature, it's warm enough to stimulate good growth while cold enough to be able to carry the maximum amount of oxygen (O2) for our purposes. As the water rises above this temperature the water can carry less and less oxygen.
Timers on NFT systems ? Once the roots are out of your 3" cubes or baskets, you should run your nutrient pump 24 hours a day, certainly never have it off for more than 15 minutes at a time, even during lights off. Cell damage on the plants roots can be identified by it brown colour and is often caused by the evaporation of moisture from the roots. By running the solution constantly, it can be used to moderate the temperature around the roots.
CO2 and Carbon in your nutrient solution ? The vegetative leafy part of the plant above the surface feeds on Carbon dioxide. The roots feed on and in association with Oxygen. There is no benefit to putting carbon or carbon dioxide into the nutrient solution on it's own. However some of the additives do contain some carbon based compounds in association with other ingredients.
Nutrient meter reading ? Because everybody has tap water with a different start cF and the fact that plant needs vary from room to room, it's hard to just give people optimum readings to aim for. cF meters are more useful for maintaining the correct strength on a day to day basis in re-circulating hydroponics systems once the optimum has already been determined. After evaluation of the plants reaction to the strength, small adjustments can also be made using the meter.
Feed strength ? Not all plants feed the same amount, not even close relatives of the same varieties so don't believe anyone who tells you otherwise! Feeding can also be affected by the environment ? for example, the more light that is present, the more food you will require. As a general guide use 1/4 to 1/2 strength hydroponics nutrient solution for young plants, and ? to ? strength for larger plants. Most manufacturers full strength is equivalent to about 1200ppm or cF17 (with water cF 0), this is good for most species and varieties of plants. Some tomatoes may need a bit more, and lettuces would require a chunk less but you realy need to experiment with the specific variety of plant you are using to determine the optimum feed strength.
Leaf colour loss and associated rusty spots ? These two things, particularly when associated together are usually caused by some environmental factor and NOT a nutrient deficiency. Unless you are seriously underfeeding or overfeeding, the feed strength you use will generally not be the cause. It is more likely to be the light too close, nutrient too warm, not enough air exchange, too cold nights, wind burn, grow room too dry or another environmental factor. Don't always believe the worst and assume that your feed strength is wrong.
Stretching ? Plants can stretch or elongate. They may do this if there is not enough light, they may also do this if they have too much light or heat because the light is too close. Or it may be just genetics. There is no single reason that can be pinpointed as the cause of your plants stretching ? don't believe anyone who tells you there is!
Input Air ? As a hobby grower, for the best results, ideally use indoor air as input air for your grow room and expel to the outside. Outdoor fresh air inputted into the grow room can cause temperature, humidity and bug problems. Indoor air from a house has a better temperature and higher CO2 content, the extracted air should then ideally leave the building or be extracted to another room or area. Don't assume that input air from outside will be "cleaner" or better for your plants ? it's simply not the case!
Air Cooled Shades ? In line fans attached cool shades/ Jetstreams/ air cooled lights must blow through the shade. Sucking air through the shade will NOT work as well at cooling your lamp.
pH Adjustment in re-circulating systems ? in re-circulating hydroponics systems including gro-tanks and particularly when using systems with rockwool slabs and hard water, the pH will often rise on a daily basis. Don't adjust it right down every day or you may end up with nutrient lock out from excess phosphoric acid. Instead don't be afraid to let it drift up for a day or two, this may be the lesser of the two evils. The plants are fragile and as such will be damaged if you attempt to adjust them. Disturb them as little as possible!
Cold ? Too cold a nutrient solution or air temperature at night (lights Off) can seriously affect your yield. Try to keep water and air temperature up to 21 degrees centigrade to avoid damaging your yield.
Both Keith Markensen & Katie Brown are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.
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