After the discovery of the BCG vaccine and of the antibiotic treatment of TB, the number of TB cases declined in the early 1980's and experts thought that the disease would be eradicated by 2010. But between 1985 and 1991 more and more cases of TB were discovered in US, the level of infected people increasing by 20 percent.



Since 1992, in US, the number of reported cases declined continuously and so, in 2004 there was a 46% drop of reported cases from 12 years earlier.

In the entire world tuberculosis gain more and more terrain, and by 2005 TB had affected more than one third of the global population, at least once in their lives.

Once, before the milk was pasteurized children could get tuberculosis from it, due to the fact that the cows were affected by the TB germ.

One of the reason why tuberculosis has spread so quickly lately is the increased number of patients infected with HIV. HIV leads to a weakened immune system, and so, TB has a free way to develop, and passes quickly from the primarily stage to the secondary stage. Treatments like immunosuppressive drugs administered after an organ transplant could weaken the immune system and increase the risk of getting infected with tuberculosis.

Nowadays people have businesses to take care of, and they have to travel a lot. Tourism as well has developed and gained a lot of interested people in this activity. All these activities can lead to a contamination with the TB bacterium and its transportation back home where healthy people are.

Another factor that helps tuberculosis to spread is the fact that some patients do not finish their antibiotic treatment. This treatment must be followed a long period of time (6 to 9 months), and often, if patients feel better they interrupt the treatment, believing that they are cured, but this is only an illusion, because TB germ is still alive, can activate instantly and spread itself to other healthy people.

This could lead to the germ resistance to the antibiotic drugs, causing a limitation of possible methods of treatment. That is why uncooperative patients are hospitalized and monitorized, to make sure that they complete their treatment and regain their health.

Scientists are continuously searching for new treatment solutions, for a new vaccine, and even for a method of eradicating tuberculosis, using advanced molecular biology, and researching into the genetics of tuberculosis.

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