Tropical cyclone Cristobal circulated with its centre just offshore on the east coast of the US, but it hasn't become any better organized since the afternoon of Saturday, actually winds on the North Carolina and South Carolina coastline were quite light. Cristobal brushed the coast on Sunday with only minor impact on land (locally heavy showers and energetic weather, but be wary of rip currents if you are out in the ocean!).
A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure storm centre and many thunderstorms that produce intense winds and often devastating, flooding rain. A tropical cyclone feeds on heat released when moist air rises, resulting in agglomeration of water vapour held in the damp air. These storms are fuelled by a completely different heat mechanism than other cyclonic formations such as nor'easters, European depressions, and polar lows, leading to them being classed as "warm core" storm systems.
The axiom "tropical" refers to both the geographic creation of these systems, which form almost wholly in tropical regions of the earth, and their formation in maritime tropical air masses. The phrase "cyclone" refers to such storms' cyclonic nature, with anti-clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise rotation in the Southern. Depending on their location and strength, tropical cyclones are referred to by other names, including hurricane, typhoon, tropical cyclone, cyclonic storm, tropical system or just plain and simply cyclone.
Cristobal, however, brought back thoughts of Alex in 2004, which was in an almost identical position, slipping along side the coast and delivering a much stronger punch than had seemed likely initially. The storm suddenly became a Cat 2 hurricane, its storm centre adjacent to the shore, its western eye-wall clipped the Outer Banks. Ocracoke Island was hit particularly hard. Luckily Cristobal promised much, but delivered little!
Cristobal did look good on radar, with a defining hook and even starting to circulate at it's core but as it ran out of energy the main damage came from the line of storms causing strong winds along the outer edges. So the effects on the North Carolina coast were nowhere near as bad as from hurricane Alex ($7.5 Million damage from Alex), and this is helped by the lack of a storm surge from Cristobal to inundate the coast. So, Cristobal has behaved herself and remained the carrier of a fair bit of precipitation but little else! But we are in hurricane season and already the next system is brewing off the coast of Africa. Watch this space, who knows when the next cat 5 Hurricane will sweep across the atlantic.
Hurricane And Tropical Storm
About the same time, the beaches east of Jacksonville experienced the first band of Ernesto, rapidly moving cumulus clouds accompanied by thunderous booms and bright flashes, winds around 25 mph and brief but torrential downpours. The bands continued racing onshore intermittently throughout the night and by morning it was over. Or was it?
The eye of Tropical Storm Ernesto had actually passed well offshore of North Florida, continuously gathering strength and churning up the waters as it made its way to landfall in the Carolinas.
Weather wise, the storm was no big deal in the North Florida beaches area, and most people slept through it with little incident. But there were those who retired that evening with tense anticipation of what was to come the next day. As Ernesto passed offshore and north east winds turned to south west winds, a phenomenon typical of cyclonic storms occurred in the area.
As the waves generated by a passing storm pound the shore with the fierce power of a nor'easter, they can at times be huge, but are generally sloppy, poorly formed mush. These waves, backed by the winds from the east, can last as long as the storm is out there churning up the waters.
If the storm is paralleling the coast, and is close enough that it is effecting our wind direction, once it passes and is to the north, the winds will shift, coming out of the west.
Those big ole waves that were once pounding our beach are now standing up proud, spitting back foam from their tips with the blusterous wind hollowing out the face, preventing the wave to break until it can no longer hold back, finally curling down in a thunderous crash of white foamy water peeling the wave left and right.
The chop is gone, and the surrounding water is as smooth as a baby's butt. The water can look as calm as a lake, only to be up heaved by sets of incoming swells standing at attention until finally bursting at the seams at the last possible moment.
From a surfer's standpoint, this is as good as it gets in North East Florida, but you better be there on time, because it only lasts a few tide cycles.
And that's the downside. This west wind is so good at cleaning up the surf, that over time it totally knocks the waves down, and they keep getting as long as the west wind lasts. In an absence of anything creating waves in the Atlantic, the surf can diminish to less than 6 inches. Not an uncommon occurrence in Jax Beach or the entire east coast for that matter.
Due to the geography of the coastline in north Florida, we seldom get a direct hit from hurricanes or tropical storms. This is not to say that we won't, and if we do, it will no doubt be disastrous. We do however get a lot of storms passing by, and some very close calls. Floyd is one that comes into mind that skirted our coast on its way to wreak devastation further north. The surfing community here has come to know what to look for, and with an excellent bottom that is in place at the Jacksonville Beach Pier, they also know where to go.
Tropical Storm Ernesto was small by any comparison and did not spend a lot of time off our shore generating waves. But every surfer knows that when the right circumstances converge, and all the conditions are met, there is a real potential for some very fun, if not huge surfing opportunities. In this case, this little tropical storm called Ernesto delivered!
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