The first arrondissement is at the center of Paris on the right bank of the Seine River. It includes the western part of Ile de La Cit?, one of two Parisian islands. Way back when this arrondissement was the heart of the Roman city of Lutetia. It occupies under one square mile (less than two square kilometers) with a declining population of under seventeen thousand. But it employs more than sixty thousand people and attracts many, many tourists. Here are some of the reasons why.



Les Halles was the city's central market, covered in 1183. Read Zola's 1873 novel Le Ventre de Paris (The Belly of Paris) for a timeless picture of this unique setting demolished in 1971 and replaced by a huge underground modern shopping center, the Forum des Halles. The world's largest underground transportation station Ch?telet-Les-Halles serves a half million train passengers and a quarter million subway passengers daily. Make sure to see the historic Gothic Church of Saint-Eustache where young Louis XIV received communion. This church boasts several Rubens paintings and offers organ concerts in the summer.

The Mus'e du Louvre (Louvre Museum) greets more than eight million tourists a year, more than any other art museum in the word. It was called the Mus'e Napol'on in honor of all his war booty; which was eventually returned to the rightful owners. The initial "Castle of the Louvre" was founded in 1190 at the western edge of Paris in order to defend the city. The oldest standing building was begun in 1535. The Louvre contains almost four hundred thousand objects including twelve thousand paintings. Two of its most famous items are the Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo. Plan to spend a lot of time in this fabulous museum.

The Sixteenth Century Tuileries Palace was built for the widow of Henry II, Catherine de' Medicis. Louis XIV lived there while waiting for the Palace of Versailles to be built. The Tuileries Palace later found use as a theatre but its gardens remained popular among the local upper crust. Louis XVI and family stayed there under house arrest and the building was stormed during the French Revolution. Subsequently both the revolutionaries and Napoleon used the buildings. Both Jos?phine and Marie-Louise had magnificent bedrooms. Unlike the Paris City Hall and portions of the Louvre, the Tuileries Palace was not rebuilt after its destruction in 1871. The Tuileries Garden covers about 63 acres (25 hectares) and includes the Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume, a contemporary art museum. There is a lot of talk about rebuilding the Palace. The original plans and many photographs are archived, and the Palace furniture and paintings were safely stored prior to its destruction. The reconstruction cost estimated at $400 million (300 million euros) will supposedly be financed by subscription and not by taxes.

While you are waiting why not visit the Palais Royal, the former home of Cardinal Richelieu in spite of his vow of poverty. Many other bigwigs lived there over the years. During the French Revolution a guy nicknamed Philippe-Egalit? (Equality Phil) became popular for opening the Palais-Royal gardens to all Parisians. His oldest son Louis-Philippe was King of France from 1830 to 1848. An Abb? wrote a little poem about the garden "Dans ce jardin on ne rencontre ni champs, ni pr's, ni bois, ni fleurs. Et si l'on y d'r'gle ses moeurs, au moins on y r'gle sa montre." ("In this garden one encounters neither fields nor woods nor flowers. And, if one upsets one's morality, at least one may re-set one's watch.") A nearby caf? was the rallying point for the taking of the Bastille. Today's Palais Royale is the center of many government offices and some building of the Biblioth?que Nationale (Nationale Library) most of which have been relocated to less interesting parts of town.

The Com?die-Fran?aise or Th??tre Fran?ais is France's only state theater and one of the few with a permanent troupe. It is often considered the home of Moli're but in fact he died before it was built. During the French Revolution it was closed and the actors were imprisoned. The Com?die-Fran?aise is the current resting place of the heart of Francois-Marie Arouet, more commonly known as Voltaire.

For a break from so much history visit Paris's second-oldest department store La Samaritaine on the banks of the Seine River. By the way, its name comes from a hydraulic pump with a guilded sculpture of the Good Samaritan located near the Pont Neuf (New Bridge), Paris's oldest bridge. The store was closed for safety reasons in 2005 and may not yet have reopened. The plans are to make it more upscale upon reopening.

If you feel like splurging consider the H'tel Ritz, which was originally built as a private home in the early Eighteenth Century. The word ritzy comes from this hotel and similar lodgings in London and Madrid. One of the owners was the world-famous chef Auguste Escoffier who revolutionized French cuisine and actually trained Ho Chi Minh as a pastry chef. Famous guests include Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Charlie Chaplin, Marcel Proust, and Coco Chanel, a resident for over thirty years. This hotel was the last stop for Dodi Al-Fayed, son of its owner, and Diana, Princess of Wales before their tragic demise in August, 1997.

Of course you don't want to be in Paris without sampling fine French wine and food. In my article I Love French Wine and Food ? A White Beaujolais I reviewed such a wine and suggested a sample menu: Start with Cuisses de Grenouilles (Frogs Legs). For your second course savor Quenelles de Brochet (Poached Fish Dumplings). And as dessert indulge yourself with Galettes de P'rouges (P'rouges Pancakes). Your Parisian sommelier (wine steward) will be happy to suggest appropriate wines to accompany each course.