There are small mercies for which the Calcuttans can be grateful, and one of them is the fact that the National Library of the country is in Calcutta, and not in the capital. Delhi isn't much pleased by this and keeps the library on a semi starvation diet. But the forces of history are too strong to be ignored: for better or worse, the National Library of independent India has become indissolubly bound with its erstwhile capital.



Consider the bare facts: the library was started in 1836 as the Calcutta Public Library, with a stock of 4,675 volumes transferred from the library of the Fort William College. The Imperial Library was formed in 1891 by combining a number of Secretariat libraries and opened to the public in 1903 at Metcalf Hall. After independence, it was rechristened and shifted from Esplanade to its present Belvedere premises. It was a happy shift. Belvedere is a leafy arcadia in a city of vanishing green spaces, incongruously set between jail and zoo.

The new reading room is airy and spacious, and more comfortable. One remembers the hue and cry when the British Library was shifted from its British Museum premises to its present location at St Pancras. But those who have worked in both building will agree that the new British Library is a far more comfortable and user-friendly place than its old avatar.

What is really missed about the old National Library are its easy-chairs, and their sleepy occupants. On clearing the baggage counter in the portico of the old building, one walked into a hall lined with card catalogues. The end of the hall gave on to a raised area where a number of easy-chairs were arranged in facing rows. The space between them was occupied by low tables on which current periodicals were neatly arranged. At any given time, you would find these easy-chairs occupied by readers who could only be called so by a tremendous stretch of the imagination. For most of time they slept or dozed, while an ancient fan circulated the air above them.

The same could not be said about the readers who occupied the reading room on the right. Formerly the palace ball-room, this room drips history from its walls and galleries. Portraits of assorted worthies regard the rows of silent readers with stern eyes. The air of fierce concentration in the room is almost palpable, occasionally broken by a stentorian cough or an apologetic sneeze. The books are delivered from the bowels of the building to the issue counter by some kind of dumbwaiter, and the slam of its door acts as a tocsin to the readers who rise from their seats and swoop in for the kill. When all the requisition slips in the world don't yield the desired volume, the canny reader throws himself at the mercy of Ashim Chatterjee, the man who seems to know where every book is kept.

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