Translation, the depiction of text into another lingo without loosing its unique essence, supply the same meaning as the written communication in a first language, also termed as target text. It is required to consider a number of constraints, including context, the set of laws for the sentence structure of the two languages, their writing conventions, their phrase and the like.



Maybe the most common mistaken belief about translation is that there subsists a simple “word-for-word" (exact) relation between any of the two languages. Consequently, Translation is a clear-cut and mechanical process. Source and target text may be at variance, considerably lengthwise because the historical differences among languages, time and again give the dissimilarity of expression. So it is quite contrary to it.

Beside this, the translation is always weighed down with uncertainties and over and above, it generates linguistic hybrids, such as, "Spanglish" (Spanish-English) "Franglais" (French-English), and "Poglish" (Polish-English).

The translation process, whether it is designed for translation or interpreting, can be exemplified as--

1. Making out the meaning of the source text; as well as
   
   
2. Re-encoding that very meaning into the target language.

A translation unit could be a word, an expression or even one or more sentences. At the back of this seemingly simple procedure lies an intricate cognitive operation. To decode the absolute meaning of the source text, the segments of the text are to be delighted as a cognitive component and the translator must consciously and systematically, interpret and examine all its features.

This process calls for thorough knowledge of the grammar, semantics, syntax, idioms, and the like, of the source language. (Knowledge of the subject matter under discussion is essential). In recent years, studies in cognitive linguistics have endowed us with the valuable insights into the cognitive process of translation.

Despite of the fact of putting frantic efforts for computerizing or automating the translation of the natural-language texts, Translation has always been a human activity.