Solar water heaters have become quite common now thanks to environmentalists and high energy bills. A good number of people understand the basic concept of solar water heaters that they get their energy from sun and use it to heat water. However, only a few of them know how the whole system works and what different types are available. That's what we will be discussing in this brief overview of solar water heaters.

Active solar water heaters are available in two different types: direct circulation systems and indirect circulation systems. Circulation systems that are direct warm water within a tank and then pumps bring it into your home. But these systems aren't successful in areas where water gets frozen often. Indirect circulation systems were introduced to solve this problem; these include a heat exchanger filled with a non-freezing fluid. Energy from the sun is used to warm this liquid and that liquid in turn heats up the water for your house.

Passive water heaters are low-priced but are less efficient that active heaters. They too come in two types: the integral collector storage (ICS) system and the thermosyphon system. Like direct circulation active systems, ICS systems work well in warmer climates where water freezing is not an issue. Thermosyphon systems, on the other hand, are designed to work in all temperatures. When the temp. hits the freezing point, water is brought to a regular water heater. Thermosyphons are generally more reliable than ICS systems but also come with a higher price.

In addition to the heating systems, solar collectors are also available in various types, three of which are common: flat-plate, ICS and evacuated-tube solar collectors. 'Flat-plate collectors' are made of dark absorbing plates within a tiny insulated area that keeps the plates safe from all outside events. Sometimes, they come without these insulated containers when they are needed for outdoor usage like heating a swimming pool.

'ICS collectors' often have one or multiple tanks within an insulated material and have a heat absorbing outside, so that both this and the tank can be inside one box. Water gets warmed as it passes through these tanks and is brought to a regular water heater before being brought through the home. These are feasible only in places where outer pipelines don't get frozen during winters. While readymade ICS heater-collector systems are available in markets, several people build their own because they are rather simple to create.

Finally, the evacuated-tube solar collectors consist of translucent glass pipes that run parallel to each other. A meta-absorbing piping system connects to a fin in a manner such that heat absorbed from the sun is kept inside for a long duration.

Having read all the details about the various types of solar water heaters and collectors, now you can choose one that suits your needs perfectly.