The man’s semen should be analysed first before the women is submitted to a serie of invasive tests.

First of all the infertility specialists analyses the patients medical history and performs a physical examination. He asks questions about the patient’s medical and emotional health, menstrual history, wheather they are under any medications, about their lifestyle, if they smoke, if they consume dugs, alcohol or caffeine. All these can help the doctor establish what kind of test to perform.

The following tests can be performed to determine the cause of infertility:

~monitoring the body’s temperature in order to determine if the ovulation takes place;

~an urine test to detect LH surges helps to determine the ovulation’s day;

~in order to determine the hormone levels blood and urine tests can be performed;

~ the doctor takes tissue samples of the uterus to establish if the corpus luteum produces an appropriate quantity of progesterone so that to the risk of premature ovarian failure or the absence of ovulation could be eliminated;

~the woman can take clomiphene citrate (a fertility drug) on days 5 and 9 of the menstrual cycle and on the 10th day the doctor measure FSH to test the ovarian reserve;

~women with ovarian failure should take into consideration a test for autoimmune disease like diabetes or hypothyroidism;

If these tests don’t show off any result (which is very possible), then other procedures are performed for examining the uterus:

1)the ultrasound procedure uses sound waves, is painfree and is used to evaluate the ovaries and the uterus in order to detect ovarian cysts and tumors, fibroids.

2) Hysterosalpingography is a procedure used to discover any abnormalities of the uterus and an eventual blockage in the fallopian tubes. A small tube is inserted into the cervix and a special dye is injected through this tube into the uterus and the fallopian tubes. The uterus and the fallopian tubes filled with this dye are exposed to an X-ray. If the X-ray shows that the dye emerges from the end of the tube then ther’s no blockage. It exist the risk of pelvic infection so it is recommended that the patient take antibiotics before the procedure.

3)the hysteroscopy procedure uses a tube (hysteroscope) inserted into the vagina, then into the cervix all the way to the uterus. The hysteroscope is equipped with a small camera that allows the doctor to view the uterus. This procedure may detect conditions like: fibroids, pelvic scar tissue, endometriosis and coect them by eliminating the scar tissues that may attache organs together. There are some risks associated with this procedure such as:infection, bleeding, or side effects of the anesthesia.