Diabetic retinopathy is caused by poorly controlled blood sugar levels that weaken small blood vessels in the retina (the innermost layer of the eye). Over time, this results in progressive vision loss or even blindness. In America alone, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults aged 20 to 74 years old.

There are two types: nonproliferative or background retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. In the former, small capillaries in the retina break and leak, distorting or blurring vision. Proliferative retinopathy affects 2 to 5 percent of all diabetics and is the most serious form of the disease. Here, new blood vessels grow over the retina and may bleed, leading to progressive vision loss or blindness.

Unfortunately, there is a low awareness about the disease. In some Asian countries, this is compounded by the lack of ophthalmologists who can give patients a comprehensive medical eye examination.

To prevent further complications of the disease, it is recommended that steps be done to control your diabetes. Have an annual eye examination every year after diabetes is diagnosed.

For those who already have the disease, laser photocoagulation may help. This is a painless procedure in which a laser beam is aimed through the eye to destroy abnormal blood vessels and stop them from leaking.

Your ophthalmologist may also prescribe medications to strengthen the fragile capillaries, improve micro-circulation, and prevent thrombosis. To strengthen your body, take Immunitril - your first line of defense in maintaining a healthy immune system. For details, visit