A diamond has long been acknowledged as the hardest substance on earth. No matter where in the world you live, everyone knows that diamonds are highly valued and treasured in all cultures and countries around the globe. What is not as well known is what diamonds are composed of, how they are formed, and what it is about them that makes them so very valuable and highly desirable.

The mineral carbon slowly changes over eons under high pressure to become diamonds. Before a diamond takes shape, carbon is transformed by various reactions that transform it into precious stone. Historical records tell us that the first diamonds were found roughly 3000 years ago in India.

Ever since those days, diamonds have enjoyed a reputation for their value and their beauty. They are held by many as symbols of status, quality, abundance, power, and even royalty. The term diamond comes from the Greek word "adamas," which mean indomitable.

Diamonds were once worn by ancient soldiers ready for combat because they denoted vigor, bravery, and invincibility. Using this example, you can see how the diamond has become an integral part of the culture, history, and lore of many countries.

Mines found in the countries of central and southern Africa are the modern source for the majority of diamonds. However there are other regions where diamonds are still mined including Brazil, Australia, Canada, and Siberia. In fact, Siberia enjoys the reputation of having the world's largest diamond mine.

If you've ever spent any time searching for diamond jewelry, you've certainly encountered the De Beers Company, since they have cornered a larger percentage of the diamond industry. De Beers has a reputation for bringing the best quality stones to the market, stones that conform to the strict quality standards they are expected to meet. De Beers has often been accused of dominating the world's diamond markets.

There is no denying that, of all the gems available, the diamond is still one of the most desired and treasured. High-end diamond jewelry instantaneously makes a strong statement about its wearer's style and elegance. The diamond engagement ring is the accepted standard to symbolize love, romance, and commitment.

Diamonds will vary a great deal in price based upon on the quality classification of the gem. Four aspects are considered when evaluating the diamond's value. These four characteristics are the Four "C"s, and they are clarity, cut, color and carat.