Congestive heart failure happens when the heart is unable to effectively pump the blood through the body. It occurs when the heart muscle is weak because of disease or stressed beyond its ability to function. Congestive heart failure is in general, a secondary disease following another cardiac condition, primarily either coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, valvular disease, or cardiac arrhythmias,(irregular heart beat or skipped heart beat) with coronary artery disease carrying the poorest prognosis and little hope. It may also follow a myocardial infarction, renal failure, sepsis or severe anemia.

Heart failure occurs when the heart loses its ability to pump enough blood through the body. Usually, the loss in pumping action is a symptom of an underlying heart problem, such as coronary artery disease.

The term heart failure suggests a sudden and complete stop of heart activity. But, actually, the heart does not suddenly stop. Rather, heart failure usually develops slowly, often over years, as the heart gradually loses its pumping ability and works less efficiently. Some people may not become aware of their condition until symptoms appear years after their heart began its decline.

The heart has two sides and each sides have different function, and therefore will have a slightly different effect on the body when it is unable to fulfill that function. If it is the left side of the heart that has failed accumulation of fluid in and around the lungs will cause the patient to experience difficulty breathing, and the kidneys will respond to the reduced blood in the circulation by retaining fluid as well. If it is the right side that fails the excess fluid accumulates in the venous system, giving the patient a generalized edema that becomes more severe as their condition deteriorates.

A damaged and weak heart muscle often can be discovered when the doctor feels for or palpates the area of the chest overlying the heart. When the physician listens to or auscultates the heart, murmurs, extra heart sounds, or arrhythmias may be present, which indicate a particular underlying cause of congestive heart failure. Auscultation of the lungs may reveal "crackles" due to the presence of fluid in the lungs, which is a common finding in acute congestive heart failure. Swelling (edema) may be present in the ankles and feet or, in severe cases, may extend into the thighs and belly region.

Many factors can contribute to congestive heart failure and, if diagnosed, should be treated and maintained. These include hypertension, anemia or poycythemia, endocrine disorders, malnutrition, drug or alcohol use and obesity. Therefore, it is very important that patients suffering from congestive heart failure pay particular attention to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. A doctor can aid in establishing the best diet and exercise plan with each individual to prevent placing undue stress on the heart and lungs.

Treatment of congestive heart failure includes a combination of diet, drugs, rest, and restricted daily activity. Digitalis is often given to strengthen heart function. It is also helpful in slowing down the heart rate and decreasing heart size. This then helps the body to rid itself of the extra fluids.

It is always better to consult a doctor when you have some of these symptoms

* Sudden weight gain (three or more pounds in one or two days)

* Increased swelling in the legs or ankles

* Shortness of breath while at rest

* A dry, hacking cough or wheezing

* Dizzy or fainting spells

* Increased fatigue or feeling unwell all the time

* Abdominal pain or swelling