There are about 4.5 million people bitten by dogs each year in the United States alone and almost one in five of those who are bitten require medical attention for dog bite-related injuries. More than 31,000 people underwent reconstructive surgery in 2006 as a result of being bitten by dogs. Dog bites are a serious public health problem that can inflict considerable physical and emotional damage on victims and be extremely costly to communities. Decreasing dog bites requires active and ongoing community involvement; passive or periodic attention will not solve this problem.

It is most unfortunate thath children are the most at risk of getting bitten by a dog. The rate of dog bite?related injuries is highest for those between the age of 5 to 9 years, and children are more likely than adults to receive medical attention for dog bites. The good news is that recent research shows that the rate of dog?bite related injuries among children seems to be decreasing.

Among adults, males for some obscure reason are more likely than females to be bitten. Of the people with dogs in their homes, both children and adults, having a dog in the household is associated with a higher incidence of dog bites. Coincidentally, as the number of dogs in the home increases, so does the incidence of dog bites. Adults with two or more dogs in the household are five times more likely to be bitten than those living without dogs at home.

How can dog bites be prevented?

The good news is that dog bites are a largely preventable public health problem, and adults and children can learn to reduce their chances of being bitten.

Before you bring a dog into your household consult with a professional (e.g., veterinarian, animal behaviorist, or responsible breeder) to learn what breeds of dogs are the best fit for your household.Dogs with a predisposition for aggression are not suitable for households with children.

Be alert to any cues that a child is fearful or apprehensive about a dog and if a child seems frightened by dogs, wait before bringing a dog into your household. You should try to spend time with a dog before buying or adopting it. Use extreme caution when bringing a dog into a household with an infant or toddler.

If you are absolutely sure that you want to bring a dog into your home spay/neuter your dog to help reduce aggressive tendencies. Under no circumstances should you leave infants or young children alone with a dog and try not to play aggressive games with your dog (e.g., wrestling). Socialize and house train any dog entering your household by teaching the dog submissive behaviors.If the dog develops aggressive or undesirable behaviors you must immediately seek professional advice from veterinarians, animal behaviorists, or responsible breeders.

Are there safety tips for children?

Teach the following basic safety tips and review them regularly to help prevent children from being bitten by dogs:

Dogs and humans have shared a amicable bond for thousands of years and will continue to do so. However, dogs are just one step removed from domestication and wildlife in general. Prevention and vigilance are always required in order to avoid unpleasant situations between man and man's best friend.