If you've ever been to any of the major cities of the world such as Tokyo, London or New York, the first thing you notice is everyone rushing around, seemingly clueless as to their destination. Visitors always inquire, "Where is everyone running to?" In reality, the question should be, "Why is everyone in such a hurry?"

The fact is that it's all about time. He's late for an appointment; she's going to miss the train or bus home; we'll be late for the dance class. Sadly, the amount of time we waste worrying about being late is enormous. The realisation that effective planning is the key to saving time has somehow eluded us. Therefore let's discuss easy time management techniques to effectively yield positive results.

Preparation

Make a list of things to do each day, including tasks to perform, appointments to keep, and any reminders.

Prioritise the List

When making your list of things to do, always begin with the most important item first. Then continue the prioritisation process as you complete your list.

Don't Be Late

If you have an appointment, leave an hour earlier than the scheduled time. This will allow ample time to arrive at your destination and include time for unexpected traffic delays, phone call interruptions or any surprise hold ups.

Discard Perfectionism Ideals

As the old saying goes, "Don't sweat the small stuff." This is actually true. If you have an important appointment to go to, don't worry that your housework is not done, and the shower has not been scrubbed. Who cares but you? It can be done tomorrow, so don't let these little problems delay you.

Avoid Procrastination

You have set out your daily tasks on your list. Ensure these are completed in order of priority, and not simply the easy or fun things. Items are on your list for a reason, so do what it takes to simply get the job done.

Don't Be Afraid to Say No

This can be done in a polite manner and is necessary to avoid either delaying the completion of your own tasks, or a build up of tension in your own life. Imagine that you are working on a project at the office, but it is important that you leave to attend a dance class on this particular day. Your supervisor requests that you stay back for an extra hour or two to complete the project. Although feeling torn between your love of dancing and fear of upsetting your supervisor, you must politely apologise and say "Sorry, but not today. I have a previous commitment." This is okay to do as you know that you work hard, always get your work finished, you are punctual and you are a very loyal employee. Your supervisor will accept your decision, and the project can be completed tomorrow, but you will still get your personal satisfaction by attending the dance class.

The crucial factor in time management skills is to not get side-tracked. Stay focused on your course, complete your daily list and simply be prepared. Your sense of self worth, satisfaction and achievement will skyrocket once you can effectively manage your time.