Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest living tree species. Almost extinct following the Ice Age, the ginkgo tree survived only in Asia, and was imported to Europe and America in the 18th century as an ornamental street tree. An extract is prepared from the dried green leaves.
Uses and Benefits:
A standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) first became popular in Germany in the 1960s when a group of scientists found it to be particularly active while investigating the effects of exotic herbs on circulation. This extract was extensively researched and used for cognitive defects and peripheral vascular disorders in European countries, and is now commonly promoted for similar uses in the U.S., particularly for the treatment of dementia and Ihe enhancement of memory. GBE is used to treat circulatory impairment (cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial insufficiency), vertigo, tinnitus, impotence, asthma, allergies, premenstrual syndrome, depression, and many other disorders.
Pharmacology:
More than 40 components of Ginkgo biloba Ilave been identified. Two of the most important groups of active chemicals are the flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin) and the terpene lactones or terpenoids, which in
