The most commonly found species of bed bug is the Cimex lectularius. Approximately 3/8 inch long, bed bugs can be typically found in old beddings and mattresses, crevices on the walls or furniture.
One cannot find a more prolific breeder than the bed bug. An average healthy female bed bug has the ability to lay 500 eggs during her life and about 12 eggs per day. The reproduction process is most favorable when the temperature ranges between 70-80 degrees Fahrenheit typically the temperature that is created when somebody is sleeping on the bed with their heater on. No wonder these insects earned the name - bed bugs. The eggs can take anywhere from 6-11 days to hatch. At this stage, these immature little ones are known as nymphs.
Developing from an egg to an adult bed bug is a process of gradual metamorphosis consisting of five larval phases. In order to move to the subsequent phase, also known as molting, where the nymphs shed their skins, it is mandatory for the bed bug to have a blood meal. However, these nymphs can survive for months without eating and adult bed bugs can survive for a year without feeding on anything.
Prevention and control of bed bug infestation is a rigorous procedure. If a severe infestation has already been detected, it is best to call in a professional pest removal company. Typically, the representatives of the company will inspect the house thoroughly including mattresses seams, bed frames, cracks and crevices on the walls or upholstery and suitcases and other luggage. The company may either provide non-chemical treatment or treatment through approved insecticides or both. Non-chemical treatment would involve putting mattresses and bedding into hot water at a temperature of 120 degree Fahrenheit.
While this should ensure removal of bed bugs, to prevent any further infestations follow these precautions
- Vacuum your mattresses and any upholstered furniture thoroughly. Wash your beddings in hot water.
- Avoid usage of second hand mattresses and furniture
- After each trip, clean your luggage thoroughly. Hotels are the most common places where bed bugs breed
