Tinea capitis is an infection of the scalp with a fungus (Tricophyton tonsurans). Tinea capitis is a skin disorder that usually affects only children. It is seen most commonly in children younger than 10 years. Tinea capitis is the most common pediatric dermatophyte infection worldwide. It is common in parts of Africa and India. In Southeast Asia, the rate of infection has been reported to have decreased dramatically from 14% (average of male and female children) to 1.2In most cases, the disease is transferred by way of contact with animals (eg dogs, cats, cows, hamsters and guinea pigs). Most mammals have a skin fungus with which they live in peaceful coexistence, without any symptoms for the animal, but the fungus can be transferred to humans.Symptoms include round, scaly lesions on the scalp.

These areas may be red or swollen (inflammed). Itching of the scalp may be slight, or may not occur at all. Sometimes, there may be pus-filled lesions on the scalp (kerions). Ringworm may be present on the face or other parts of the body. Anti-fungal medications, taken by mouth, are used to treat the infection. Other medications sometimes used by for treating difficult cases of tinea capitis include fluconazole (Diflucan terbinafine (Lamisil and itraconazole ). An oral and topical anti fungal medication may be prescribed if a large body surface area is involved. Griseofulvin can also be used to treat tinea infections. Blistering skin eruptions on the palms and soles should be treated with cool compresses, such as Burrow's solution. Itraconazole and Terbinafine, are also very effective.

Terbinafine is also a very effective treatment for tinea capitis caused by T tonsurans. Ketoconazole, the first azole studied for efficacy in tinea capitis. Oral antifungal therapy is required for effective treatment, often for several months. Medicated shampoos are not effective, but can help prevent the spread of infection to other people. Good general hygiene is important in the prevention and treatment of all tinea infections. The scalp should be shampooed regularly, especially after haircuts. Avoid contact with infected pets or individuals. Headgear, combs, and similar items should not be exchanged unless they are first thoroughly cleaned and dried. Shampoo your child’s hair regularly. Wash towels, clothes, and any shared items used by an infected person to prevent spreading it to others in the household.

Tinea Capitis Treatment and Prevention Tips

1. Griseofulvin can also be used to treat tinea infections.

2. Anti fungal drugs have become increasingly effective in the treatment of tinea infections.

3. Itraconazole and Terbinafine, are also very effective for nail infection in case of tinea capitis.

4. Selenium Sulfide Shampoo may also reduce transmission of tinea infection to others.

5. Terbinafine is also a very effective treatment for tinea capitis caused by T tonsurans.

6. An oral and topical anti fungal medication may be prescribed if a large body surface area is involved.

7. Blistering skin eruptions on the palms and soles should be treated with cool compresses, such as Burrow's solution.

8. Wash towels, clothes, and any shared items used by an infected person to prevent spreading it to others in the household.