Fertility drugs are widely accepted by physicians and insurance companies as a viable form of treatment for infertility. However, don't go into this type of treatment with a blindfold on and expect the best. Pharmaceuticals are not made from natural products and therefore are foreign to the human body. All pharmaceuticals have side effects. Most side effects are mild and create an inconvenience, however in some cases side effects are more severe. Especially when taken with other medications, which can cause drug interaction. These points are not an attempt to scare you, but merely a warning not to take this type of treatment lightly.



There are three "go to drugs" that most physicians will prescribe for infertility. There are other options available, but these three have been well tested and that is why they have moved to the front of the doctor's prescription pad.

The top three prescribed infertility medications are by class: clomiphene citrate (Clomid), HMG or Human Menotropic Gonadotropins (Repronex), Leuproreline (Prostap SR).

If a woman is experiencing infrequent periods and long cycles most physicians will prescribe clomiphene citrate (Clomid). There are many reasons for the use of this drug not the least of which is that it is lower in cost than most other infertility medications. Clomid increases follicle growth by blocking estrogen and causes the pituitary gland into producing FSH and LH the key hormones needed to improve ovulation.

Treatments with Clomid may last up to six cycles with a daily regiment of 1-2 tablets for five days beginning 2-5 days after the period starts. If the treatment is successful ovulation will occur 7 days after the last day of treatment. Doses usually start low and gradually go up with each cycle attempt and other agents may be added during the different cycles.

Side effects may include:

* Reduction in the quality of cervical mucous

* Thinning of the uterine lining

* Ovarian cysts * Hot flashes

* Nausea * Headaches

* Weight gain

* Fatigue

* Increased risk of having twins * Slight increase in risk of miscarriage

HMG or Human Menotropic Gonadotropins (Repronex) is given by subcutaneous injection. This treatment is for both women and men suffering from infertility.

For women it is a step up in treatment for Clomid and used to improve follicle growth and improved ovulation. Women will have a series of shots daily for 5 or more days. The length of treatment depends on the FSH and LH levels achieved during treatment.

In men the HMG is used to treat hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and induce sperm production. Men will require a much longer treatment period. Injections are administered 3 times a week for several months.

Side effects may include:

* Injection site pain

* Lower abdomen tenderness

* Fluid retention

* Headache

* Emotional irritability

* Breast discomfort

* Fatigue

* Risk of multiple births

* Shortness of breath

* Severe pain or swelling in lower abdomen or extremities

* Vomiting or diarrhea

Leuproreline (Prostap SR) has a wide range of uses. Prostap SR is used in the treatment of prostate and breast cancer, endometriosis or uterine fibroids and even autism.

Prostap SR is also used to for ovarian stimulation in conjunction with IVF (In Vitro Fertilization). The treatment is a subcutaneous injection once a month.

I have heard of many cases of severe side effects with this treatment. However, it is an outstanding treatment in dealing with endometriosis, which is a common factor in infertility. If you experience extreme side effects consult with you doctor to weigh the pros and cons of continuing treatment.

Side effects may include:

* Loss of libido

* Hot flashes

* Osteoporosis

* Breast tenderness or fullness

* Weight gain

* Fatigue

* Nausea

* Vomiting

* Diarrhea

* Headaches

* High blood sugar levels

Comparing these forms of treatment is but one step toward your successful efforts in overcoming infertility.

Read, read and then read some more before moving forward with any form of treatment. Then consult with your physician on the best treatment option for you. Ask specific questions about risks and side effects. Don't be afraid to seek out a second opinion on your diagnosis and treatment options. You will be able to determine how much your doctor cares for you depending upon their reaction to you suggesting of a second opinion. A confident doctor will even make the suggestion himself or herself. Good luck and God Bless.