Wide enough use by a man of wild animals for fishing in some countries was promoted by religion mostly (for example, Buddhist), forbidding to a man to kill living creatures, but allowing to use in food the animals obtained by other animals.



Chineses, for example, specially caught cormorants and tried to plant them in artificial conditions though it was very difficult. The caught cormorant oviposited from 3 up to 10 eggs for a season, but did not wish them to hatch out. Instead of them for incubation hens were used. The greatest maturity of fishing by means of cormorants has received in Japan though till now the fishing technics practically has not changed. Fishing with cormorants in Japan is called "ukai". In the rivers fishing usually begins at the end of a spring tide and comes to the end by the autumn (and it takes place only in clear water in dark nights). At the bird neck base fisherman fastens the metal or rope ring which allows a cormorant to swallow a small fish and detains in a food bag large one. The body is wound by a cord strengthened on the middle of a back by a short strip of a strong whalebone which has embedded string from a flexible thread, with length up to 4 meters, preventing, whenever possible, a bird from entangling. While fish is concentrating on a light at a surface of water cormorants are moved on cords downward the water. As soon as any of birds "is loaded" with a fish (it is visible on the cormorant who starts to float around , helplessly lifting a head and the inflated neck), it is quickly drawn out (using a string) aboard, then it's forced to open a beak "to hand over" caught fish and again return to fishing area.

At each round the cormorant catches from 4 up to 8 large fishes per hour, while catching lasts about 3 hours.

Now cormorants are used in Japan for the fishing shows and tourists attraction. Pochard is another bird of interest, which over the centuries was used directly or indirectly by a man for fishing. Owing to this in some areas of Sweden and Finland the market is taken under protection of the law.

The characteristic property of pochard business use consists in the following. Making migrations, birds gather in reservoirs in lots. During the periods of an active bird feeding, scared fish rushes to hide in any refuge. Fishermen, knowing this feature of fish behaviour, install in various parts of a reservoir artificial refuges in the form of brushwood bunches or small rod shelters . The fish gathers in such places, and then can be easily caught by means of networks.

The oldest and true person's assistant - the dog - was used by him in fishery as well. Natives of Siberia, Kamchatka and northern part of Japan had been noticed one interesting feature in behaviour of dogs: in the summer, packs of half savage dogs obtained to itself livelihood in shallow reservoirs, driving a fish to coast. In Malaysia dogs catch crabs. In such a way the dog compensated "lack" - not given to her by the nature - sharp claws, which presence would allow them, similarly to a cat or a bird, to obtain a fish in another way, therefore dogs have been started to train specially for a fish driving in a direction of the opened traps (for example, in the north of Japan and Sakhalin Isle).

It's well known that person used water mammals for fishing as well, for example, otters in 600 year B.C. in China on river Yangtze fishermen had used the trained otters, and later 2000 years this interesting fishing way has been described by Marco Polo.

Isaac Welton, the big expert and the fan of sports fishery, in the monography published in 1653, mentions use of the trained otters in fishery. In particular, he writes: " Young otters in the age of 3-4 months were caught and trained similarly to dogs. The animal became attached to the owner very much and served him within 15-16 years ". The otter worked usually in a muzzle which had attached long enough cord ending at hands of the owner. The animal drove a fish to the place pointed by the owner.

Sometimes otters were used in work without muzzles. In this case the fish caught the mammal was brought to the owner.

Long since feature of dolphins " to force down to a heap " the rarefied congestions of a fish was noticed by fishermen. In ancient "the Royal book " of Norway it is mentioned: "... The whales, eating a fish, pursue a herring and a fish of other kinds from the open of sea locations towards the coast; this remarkable feature of animals assists fishermen to direct vessels towards fish school ". During ancient times people believed, that dolphins consciously help fishermen and that inside a sea animal the mind disappears.

Currently, the feature of dolphins "to travel" together with schools of tunas is used by fishermen for search and fishing of tunas.

The characteristic property of octopuses - during the moment of excitation to grab and to keep strongly any subject - was used by a man at all times. So, in Japan, in areas of the sunken ships, people used octopuses as "divers" in order to raise the treasures from a bottom , a mollusc was tied using a rope and placed under the water. Excited by action of a rope the octopus, having appeared at the bottom, started to grab and keep various objects being around it among which there could be gold coins, porcelain cups and other valuables. Then the octopus was risen by a man up to a surface and it finally released the grasped subject.

World use was received by a clingfish. For example, in estuaries of Mozambique Bay clingfish was used even for crocodile hunting.

Columbus mentioned, that in Caribbean sea indians use clingfish for catching turtles , and under Alexander Humboldt's messages with the same purpose clingfish was used by the Cuban fishermen as well.

The characteristic property of clingfish's behavior consists in use of the big, oval and sticky sucker located on the top part of a head used for an attachment to large sea animals (to sharks, tunas, a sword-fishes etc) with the purpose of simplification of the moving across the sea. Force of clingfish "sticking" to a body of an animal is significant. For example, to tear off clingfish of 60 sm long from a victim it is necessary to apply effort more than 9 kg.

The way of sea animal hunting using clingfish consists in the following. To a tail of a clingfish fisherman ties the metal ring with a rope which loose end is controlled by a man. As soon as clingfish finds "victim", attaches to it, a man starts to choose cautiously a cord till the appearence of catch on a surface of water.