Young people today are exposed to a wide range of choices not available in earlier generations. Unfortunately, they are being confronted with choices they are ill prepared to make. Just as they are still growing in body and mind, so are they also in the early stages of character development. Without the necessary thinking skills and moral understanding they are vulnerable to making poor choices.

Character is all about making choices. One's character is more completelly defined by one's choices than any other factor. It is at the focal point of choice that all advertising, all political influence, all ideology-indeed all persuasion and influence are directed. And it is at this point that character is manifest and destiny determined.

The unfortunate reality of our time is that, before their character is yet fully formed, large numbers of our young, privileged as perhaps no generation before with freedom of thought and action, are being confronted with ideas and choices, the consequences of which they can barely fathom much less comprehend.

Young people today are faced with a bewildering array of choices-not just in the number of options available to them, but also in the potential outcomes of these choices, for both good and ill. Character education is all about teaching young people to make responsible choices-choices that are constructive and positive in nature.

But, to do this requires far more than simply teaching children right from wrong. The fact is that at the point of choice, most people including children know, or at least suspect, they are crossing the line between right and wrong. It isn't knowledge that governs one's choices, its one's desires.

Herein lies the heart of character development. And, herein lies the greatest challenge in teaching character education. To achieve the motivational influence necessary to sustain our students in making difficult choices, our lessons need to help them answer the question "Why choose the right?" in terms so relevant and pertinent they will possess not only the desire, but also the will to choose the right.

To be effective, character education must do more than impart information, it must also inspire, strengthen, and motivate students to act nobly-even when every inducement conspires to encourage them to act otherwise.

Truth may be uncomfortable, self-denial may be difficult and morality may unpopular. To consistently make responsible choices in the face of opposing influence requires the ability to recognize the right course and the will to take it.

We live in an increasingly complex and confusing world. For young people to be adequately prepared to fulfill responsible roles in solving the problems facing the world today, and to avoid these problems themselves, they need to be taught how to think more than they need to be taught what to think.

Helping young people develop the necessary internal controls to consistently make good choices is and ought to be a primary focus of character education. This means that a good deal of our effort needs to be on helping them develop their mental and emotional faculties-teaching them how to think, not just what to think.

The following elements are critical ingredients to any effective character education program.

1) A clear understanding of the inseparable connection between virtue and happiness,

2) Adequate attention to helping them develop the mental and emotional faculties essential to thinking clearly-even in the midst of temptation, confusion, and disillusion,

3) Daily opportunities to consider the principles being taught, and

4) A risk free environment in which they may experience the benefits of good choices and the penalties of poor choices

This suggests that a new model of character education needs to be understood and implemented-character based learning.

Essentially character based learning is integrating the acquisition of knowledge (math, English, science, social studies, or whatever) with the development of thinking skills and growth in virtue or moral development into the same learning experience.

When done properly, and it's not all that difficult, it is possible to achieve all four of the above objectives.