Science as a discipline has its origin from philosophy. Philosophy is the mother of all human knowledge. Philosophy basically is composed of two major disciplines. One is that to understand the structure of world, matter, life; to unravel or muster the myths and mysteries, dealt under the faculty of science. And second, to find ways and means to live in harmony with nature and the earth for which religion is required. ‘Science with out religion is lame, and religion with out science is blind’, said Albert Einstein. In fact there is hardly any distinction between the two for science is in pursuit of the truth, and truth is ‘God’. Science deals with matter whereas religion deals with spirit. To make our living possible we need both: matter and spirit. ‘Sarva sastra prayojanam atma darshnam’ means the end of all scientific pursuit is revelation of self. The real power of science is inherent in self-questioning mechanism. Unlike earlier ‘brahminic’ priestly knowledge system, the science system welcomes dissent and criticism. This is in agreement with the statement said to be preached by Lord Budha to his disciples ‘Believe nothing, Merely because you have been told it or Because it is traditional or Because you yourself have imagined it, Do not believe what your teacher tells you, Merely out of respect for the teacher, But whatever, after due examination and analysis. You find to be conducive to the good, the benefit, The welfare of all living beings that doctrine believe and cling to, and take it as your guide’. Man is an intelligent animal, gifted with the intellect, the power to think and question, that applies reason and logic to understand a phenomenon. Knowledge grows from information and through science (or experience) attains wisdom. Traditional knowledge needs to be accepted by modern science, and then only it could attain wisdom. Knowledge dwells in heads replete with thoughts of others, wisdom dwells in mind attentive to their own. The man of knowledge is proud that he has learned much. The man of wisdom is humble that he knows no more. The world we see around, life included, is summation of the ‘known’ and the ’unknown’. And there is quest to known more about the unknown and this quest is nothing but science. Planetary hypothesis became science after Newton. Like wise the hypothesis of evolution became science after Darwin. Evolution can be perceived in terms of organic evolution involving natural selection or survival of the fittest that ultimately resulted in the evolution human species. Once evolved, the latter undergone further evolution intellectually, operative more at the level of psyche rather than physic. It is a matter of sheer irony that the ten incarnations of God described in Hindu mythology that underscored the gradual transition of life from aquatic fish to terrestrial turtle, then to wild pig followed by the beastly semi-human, the dwarf human, the complete human bound by morality, and then ultimately to the super intelligent human - the master strategist who remain engaged in a war only to ensure that peace, the ultimate goal, was prevailed; fits well to the concept of evolutionary social-biology of the present day. Thinking is basically a biological or biochemical process. The human species by and large is the product of his or her thinking; the latter defines his or her identity and personality, and is independent of caste, creed, colour or gender. Human nature is at least nine-tenth nurture, and only the remaining tenth is genetic, so aptly had said Bertrand Russell. This underlines the importance of environment in influencing human thinking and behaviour. But thinking can also go wrong yet times when attempts are made to suppress truth or burry science for political or religious reasons leading to disastrous consequences. The case of suppression of genetic research during Stalin-era in the erstwhile Soviet Union because it did not go well with theories of Marxism could be cited as an instance that deprived the Russian population from reaping the benefits from genetic research, plant breeding and green revolution for decades. Having read the entire can’t we distinguish science from pseudo-science or for that matter scientists from pseudo-scientists? Science in essence is an art of thinking and is a way of living. Wasn’t the life of Mahatma Gandhi whose life was an experiment with truth a role model of a true scientist?