Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp is known as cradle cap. Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting areas of the head and trunk where sebaceous glands are most prominent. Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition affecting millions of Americans. It shows up as flaking skin, or reddish patches. Seborrheic dermatitis can also affect the skin on other parts of the body, such as the face and chest, and the creases of the arms, legs and groin. Seborrheic dermatitis usually causes the skin to look a little greasy and scaly or flaky. Seborrheic dermatitis is thought to be due to a combination of an over production of skin oil and irritation from a yeast called malessizia. Seborrheic dermatitis appears to run in families.

Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is better known as cradle cap, seen as thick, oily, yellowish crust on the scalp and around the hairline. Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis can last for anywhere from weeks to years. Stress, fatigue, weather extremes, oily skin, infrequent shampoos or skin cleaning, use of lotions that contain alcohol, skin disorders (such as acne), or obesity may increase the risk. Neurologic conditions, including Parkinson's disease, head injury, and stroke may be associated with seborrheic dermatitis. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has also been linked to increased cases of seborrheic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis occurs in persons of all races. It appears as thick, crusty, yellow or brown scales over the child's scalp.

Similar scales may also be found on the eyelids, ear, around the nose, and in the groin. Seborrhoeic dermatitis in adults may be very persistent. However, it can generally be kept under control with regular use of antifungal agents and intermittent applications of topical steroids. Chronic treatment with topical corticosteroids may lead to permanent skin changes, such as atrophy and telangiectasia. Alternatives include calcineurin inhibitors (ie, pimecrolimus, tacrolimus), sulfur or sulfonamide combinations, or propylene glycol. Hydrocortisone cream can also be used, applied up to twice daily for 1 or 2 weeks. Severe cases may receive a course of oral antifungal medication or sometimes, ultraviolet radiation. Apply ketoconazole or ciclopirox cream once daily for 2 to 4 weeks, repeated as necessary.

Seborrheic dermatitis Treatment and Prevetion Tips

1. Steroid lotions may be used in adolescents and adults.

2. Brush your child's hair with a clean, soft brush after each shampoo.

3. Tar cream can be applied to scaling areas and removed several hours later by shampooing.

4. Apply ketoconazole or ciclopirox cream once daily for 2 to 4 weeks, repeated as necessary.

5. Hydrocortisone cream can also be used, applied up to twice daily for 1 or 2 weeks.

6. Severe cases may receive a course of oral antifungal medication or sometimes, ultraviolet radiation.