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Neuroscienceis considered a ?hard science? and Psychology is considered a ?social science.?What do I mean by ?hard science? and ?social science?? A hard science is ascience that is completely objective in its research and doesn't speculate ordetermine the subjectivity of the area in which it is studying. A socialscience is a science that deals with the subjectivity of an area of study. Itis the scientific knowledge of the activities and functions of the human soulrelating to the brain and consciousness experience. It is concerned with thefacts and is objective to a point, but tends to speculate morethan a hardscience and also develops theories that are not necessarily able to be proventrue. Because Psychology uses theories to tie the physical aspects to the psychologicalones, it will have a greater role in the near future in explaining themysteries of consciousness.
Many have tried to define consciousness butnone presently have developed a definition that is acceptable to allscientists. Francis Crick, a Professor at Salk Institute for Biological Studiesin San Diego University of Arizona
Thereductionists believe that one day consciousness will be fully explained by themethods used only by the hard sciences. There are two key figures in the areaof neuroscience that are considered reductionisms. Francis Crick of the SalkInstitute of Biological Studies in San Diego
David J.Chalmers describes mysterians as ?believing that consciousness will never beexplained by either psychology or neuroscience?. He believes consciousness isvery difficult to understand fully, but in time may be resolved by a new theoryfrom the Psychological world. Such a theory would have to envelop physical lawsthat tell us about behavior in the physical systems of the brain. The newtheory would also have to encompass psychological laws that tell us how thosesystems are associated with conscious experiences. If these two components arecombined they will explain all there is to know about consciousness. Thistheory will not be conclusively testable because there will be a lot ofspeculation involved, but if the theory coincides with the data gathered fromthe physical research in experiments done, then it will be considered a goodtheory.
Consciousnesswill always be a mystery to the ?hard sciences? and the ?social sciences.? Technologywill not advance enough to fully explain consciousness in the near future. Itwill take a huge breakthrough in neuroscience to even begin to explain all theelements that give rise to a conscious experience. The only way consciousnesswill be explained presently is by a psychological theory that can tie physicalaspects into psychological aspects. To accomplish this, one must do somespeculation, and if one has to speculate, his theory will not be acceptable tothe hard sciences because it isn't backed by hard facts. There is no plausibleway neuroscience can explain all the elements related to consciousness becauseits technological resources are so limited. Psychology can theorize about whythe brain's functions operate the way they do, but they will ultimately have noway of proving their theories. Both areas of science have their weaknesses, butpsychology is much closer to explaining the ?why? questions about consciousnessthan is neuroscience. Neither Neuroscience nor psychology may ever understandconsciousness, but psychology is our best bet in our quest to understand thefunctions of the brain that make us aware, or conscious.
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