Periorbital cellulitis is a bacterial infection that occurs around the eyelid. It is also known as preseptal cellulitis or eyelid cellulitis. It may be caused by breaks in the skin around the eye, and subsequent spread to the eyelid; infection of the sinuses around the nose (sinusitis); or from spread of an infection elsewhere through the blood. It is more common in children than it is in adults. Symptoms of periorbital cellulitis include fever, redness, and swelling of the eyelid. Periorbital cellulitis happens when infection-causing bacteria (like staphylococcus or streptococcus) is introduced into the eyelid by a scratch, a bug bite, a sty, or a chalazion. It can be the result of minor trauma to the area around the eye , or it may be the extension of another site of infection, such as sinusitis.

Prior to the Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine, the most common cause of periorbital cellulitis in children was Haemophilus influenzae type B.

About one child in five has a runny nose, and 20% have conjunctivitis. Cuts, scratches, and insect bites around the eyes increase the risk of bacteria entering the skin and causing this infection. Treatment is directed at the local condition. Systemic antibiotics may be indicated for more severe infections (SLIDE 17), particularly if there are systemic signs of toxicity. Antibiotics can only be given in the early stages of the infection. The antibiotics such as penicillins, erythromycin, cephalexin, cloxacillin are generally used to stop the spread of infection and prevent damage to the optic nerve.

Periorbital Cellulitis Treatment Tips

1. Paracetamol is useful for pain relief and fever control.

2. Topical antibiotics - Bacitracin or erythromycin also treat of periorbital cellulitis.

3. Remove concretions with gentle pressure on medial aspect of eye.

4. Periorbital cellulitis, can be treated by applying heat packs over the affected areas.

5. The antibiotics such as penicillins, erythromycin generally used to stop the spread of infection.