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Psychology Of Personality Theories

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Sigmund Freud's "Jokes and Their Relationship to the Unconscious".



Marvin Minsky in Society of Mind.

Marvin suggests that laughter has a specific function related to the human brain. In his opinion jokes and laughter are mechanisms for the brain to learn Nonsense. For that reason, he argues, jokes are usually not as funny when you hear them repeatedly.

Arthur Koestler, in The Act of Creation, analyzes humor and compares it to other creative activites, such as literature and science.

Edward de Bono in "The mechanism of the mind" and "I am right, you are wrong".

Edward de Bono suggests that the mind is a pattern matching machine, and that it works by recognising stories and behavior and putting them into familiar patterns. When a familiar connection is disrupted and an alternative unexpected new link is made in the brain via a different route than expected, then laughter occurs as the new connection is made. This theory explains a lot about jokes. For example:

Why jokes are only funny the first time they are told: once they are told the pattern is already there, so there can be no new connections, and so no laughter.

Why jokes have an elaborate and often repetitive set up: The repetition establishes the familiar pattern in the brain. A common method used in jokes is to tell almost the same story twice and then deliver the punch line the third time the story is told. The first two tellings of the story evoke a familiar pattern in the brain, thus priming the brain for the punch line.

Why jokes often rely on stereotypes: the use of a stereotype links to familiar expected behavior, thus saving time in the set-up.

Why jokes are variants on well known stories (eg the genie and a lamp): This again saves time in the set up and establishes a familiar pattern.

Laughter, the intended human reaction to jokes, is healthful in moderation, uses the stomach muscles, and releases endorphins, natural happiness-inducing chemicals, into the bloodstream.

One of the most complete and informative books on different types of jokes and how to tell them is Isaac Asimov's Treasury of Humor, which encompasses several broad categories of humor, and gives useful tips on how to tell them, who to tell them to, and ways to change the joke to fit your audience.

There is an investigative study that has been concluded http://www.laughlab.co.uk also has answered some questions.
Psychology Of Personality Theories
Many years ago when I first joined the movement I would feel a definite antipathy towards persons like Hiranyaksa. Now I feel quite different (hopefully I have not become a demon!). When I read about Hiranyaksa and his ilk I feel sorry for how they are suffering due to their great desires/needs. So what we did today in class is to analyze the needs that Hiranyaksa had that caused him to have such emotional outbursts against God. These emotional outbursts were actually unfortunate expressions of his unmet needs.

What were Hiranyaksa's needs? He needed autonomy for example. What he did not realize was that in this material world the spirit soul can never really fulfill its need for autonomy as it is controlled at every step by the three modes of material nature. The Gita teaches us this (Gita 3.5).

The soul can never have absolute autonomy since the only autonomous person is Krishna (and even He is controlled by Radha's love). Krishna is Svarat or independent, whereas we are dependent.

But the need for autonomy is there in all of us and is a natural need; not something that we should suppress. This need can be expressed in the proper way in the spiritual realm where we get the opportunity to serve Krishna out of love.

So in other word the need for autonomy is not bad, it is just that we should understand how to properly fulfill it. Hiranyaksa's problem was that he did not understand how to fulfill that need.

Similarly with other needs; such as the need for love, nurturance, play, celebration, integrity, interdependence, spirituality, etc., we simply should learn how to properly satisfy these needs in Krishna consciousness, otherwise they will remain unsatisfied (burning like fire) and we will continually be experiencing unpleasant emotions such as anger, confusion, hopelessness, loneliness, envy, etc. Therefore when we have some negative feelings, we should not try to suppress or repress these feelings.

By suppression or repression the feelings either become more pronounced our come out in some other way (sublimation) that cause more pain.

We should become more aware of the negative feelings when they rise to the surface and trace out what unfulfilled need we have that is the cause of those feelings. Then we can focus that need in a Krishna conscious way, and the negative feeling will be replaced with a positive feeling of confidence, joyousness, optimism, etc. And when we hear of someone else having negative feelings we will understand how to help them understand the source of those feelings (unmet needs) and how to meet their needs properly.

Pure Krishna consciousness is a celebration at every minute. It is as Srila Prabhupada said a vacation for the soul-real play.

By presenting Krishna consciousness without any ulterior motive we can exhibit true integrity. By living in a society of advanced Vaisnavas we can rejoice in interdependence (notice I did not say dependence) as we experience appreciation, consideration, empathy, etc.

By taking shelter of Krishna all of our physical and spiritual needs will be taken care of by the Lord. By acting in harmony with the desires of Krishna we can experience real spiritual communion; of the soul. What other needs can one have?
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Both Mar & Victor Epand are contributors for EditorialToday. The above articles have been edited for relevancy and timeliness. All write-ups, reviews, tips and guides published by EditorialToday.com and its partners or affiliates are for informational purposes only. They should not be used for any legal or any other type of advice. We do not endorse any author, contributor, writer or article posted by our team.

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